Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Division of Biological Sciences, UC San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Division of Biological Sciences, UC San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
Curr Opin Plant Biol. 2023 Aug;74:102383. doi: 10.1016/j.pbi.2023.102383. Epub 2023 Jun 6.
Land plants depend on oriented cell divisions that specify cell identities and tissue architecture. As such, the initiation and subsequent growth of plant organs require pathways that integrate diverse systemic signals to inform division orientation. Cell polarity is one solution to this challenge, allowing cells to generate internal asymmetry both spontaneously and in response to extrinsic cues. Here, we provide an update on our understanding of how plasma membrane-associated polarity domains control division orientation in plant cells. These cortical polar domains are flexible protein platforms whose positions, dynamics, and recruited effectors can be modulated by varied signals to control cellular behavior. Several recent reviews have explored the formation and maintenance of polar domains during plant development [1-4], so we focus here on substantial advances in our understanding of polarity-mediated division orientation from the last five years to provide a current snapshot of the field and highlight areas for future exploration.
陆生植物依赖于定向的细胞分裂，以确定细胞的身份和组织结构。因此，植物器官的起始和随后的生长需要整合各种系统信号的途径，以告知细胞分裂的方向。细胞极性是应对这一挑战的一种解决方案，它允许细胞自发地和对外界线索做出反应产生内部不对称性。在这里，我们提供了对我们如何理解质膜相关极性域控制植物细胞分裂方向的最新认识。这些皮质极性域是灵活的蛋白质平台，其位置、动态和募集的效应物可以通过各种信号进行调节，以控制细胞行为。最近有几篇综述探讨了极性域在植物发育过程中的形成和维持[1-4]，因此我们在这里重点介绍过去五年中我们对极性介导的分裂方向的理解的重大进展，以提供该领域的最新快照，并强调未来探索的领域。
