Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, ON, Canada; Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, ON, Canada; Balsillie School of International Affairs, Waterloo, ON, Canada.
Lancet Planet Health. 2023 Jun;7(6):e501-e517. doi: 10.1016/S2542-5196(23)00079-7.
Globally, many resource extraction projects such as mines and hydroelectric dams are developed on the territories of Indigenous Peoples. Recognising land as a determinant of Indigenous Peoples' health, our objective is to synthesise evidence about the mental health impacts on Indigenous communities who experience land dispossession due to industrial resource development (mining, hydroelectric, petroleum, and agricultural). We systematically reviewed studies that focused on Indigenous land dispossession in Australia, Aotearoa (New Zealand), North and South America, and the Circumpolar North. We searched Scopus, Medline, Embase, PsycINFO, and Global Health on OVID for peer-reviewed articles published in English from database inception to Dec 31, 2020. We also searched for books, research reports, and scholarly journals specialising in Indigenous health or Indigenous research. We included documents that reported on primary research, focused on Indigenous Peoples in settler colonial states, and reported on mental health and industrial resource development. Of the 29 included studies, 13 were related to hydroelectric dams, 11 to petroleum developments, nine to mining, and two to agriculture. Land dispossession due to industrial resource development had predominantly negative mental health impacts on Indigenous communities. The impacts were consequences of colonial relations that threatened Indigenous identities, resources, languages, traditions, spirituality, and ways of life. Health impact assessment processes in industrial resource development must expressly consider risks and potential impacts on mental health and respect Indigenous rights by making knowledge about mental health risks a central component to decisions about free, prior, and informed consent.
在全球范围内，许多资源开采项目，如矿山和水电站，都是在原住民的领土上开发的。我们认识到土地是原住民健康的决定因素，因此我们的目标是综合有关因工业资源开发（采矿、水电、石油和农业）而导致土地被剥夺的原住民社区的心理健康影响的证据。我们系统地审查了澳大利亚、新西兰、北美和南美以及环北极地区的以原住民土地被剥夺为重点的研究。我们在 OVID 的 Scopus、Medline、Embase、PsycINFO 和全球卫生数据库中搜索了从数据库创建到 2020 年 12 月 31 日发表的同行评议文章。我们还搜索了专门研究原住民健康或原住民研究的书籍、研究报告和学术期刊。我们纳入了报告主要研究、关注定居殖民国家的原住民以及报告心理健康和工业资源开发的文件。在所纳入的 29 项研究中，有 13 项与水电站有关，11 项与石油开发有关，9 项与采矿有关，2 项与农业有关。工业资源开发导致的土地被剥夺对原住民社区的心理健康产生了主要的负面影响。这些影响是殖民关系的后果，这些关系威胁到原住民的身份、资源、语言、传统、精神和生活方式。工业资源开发中的健康影响评估程序必须明确考虑对心理健康的风险和潜在影响，并通过将心理健康风险知识作为自由、事先和知情同意决策的核心组成部分，尊重原住民的权利。
