Delval Irene, Fernández-Bolaños Marcelo, Visalberghi Elisabetta, Izar Patrícia, Valentova Jaroslava Varella
Department of Experimental Psychology, Institute of Psychology, University of São Paulo, Av. Professor Mello Moraes, 1721, São Paulo, SP, 05508-030, Brazil.
Unit of Cognitive Primatology and Primate Center, Institute of Cognitive Sciences and Technologies, National Research Council, Rome, Italy.
Arch Sex Behav. 2023 Aug;52(6):2303-2315. doi: 10.1007/s10508-023-02632-4. Epub 2023 Jun 7.
In primates, many species exhibit same-sex sexual behaviors (SSB), defined as "genital contact or genital manipulation between same-sex individuals." Several sociosexual functions have been proposed, including proceptivity enhancement, receptivity reduction, dominance assertion, practice for heterosexual copulation, tension regulation, reconciliation, and alliance formation. Capuchin monkeys are known for their rich and flexible sexual behavioral repertoire and elaborated courtships. At present, the few reports of SSB in capuchin monkeys (genera Sapajus and Cebus) focused on mounting. Here, we describe the case observed in a population of wild yellow-breasted capuchin monkeys (Sapajus xanthosternos) in which two young males, aged 5-6 years and 19 months, performed a 15-min uninterrupted sequence of courtship behaviors and mounting. Comparing with a previously established ethogram of 20 behaviors typical for heterosexual behavior of tufted capuchins, we show that these males performed 16 of them. Thus, SSBs are already present in the repertoire of young individuals and the practice may serve to create or strengthen bonds. Although same-sex mounting and genital inspection are common in capuchins' play and other social interactions, the almost entire array of courtship behaviors has never been observed in youngsters. Additionally, this example supports the notion that primate (homo)sexual behavior is not limited to genitalia and copulation, since the observed courtship included diverse behaviors different from genital contact. Thus, we propose a broader definition of sexual behavior.
在灵长类动物中，许多物种都表现出同性性行为（SSB），其定义为“同性个体之间的生殖器接触或生殖器操作”。人们提出了几种社会性行为功能，包括增强求偶积极性、降低接受性、主张支配地位、练习异性交配、调节紧张情绪、和解以及建立联盟。卷尾猴以其丰富多样且灵活的性行为模式和复杂的求爱行为而闻名。目前，关于卷尾猴（僧面猴属和卷尾猴属）同性性行为的报道较少，且主要集中在骑跨行为上。在此，我们描述了在一群野生黄胸卷尾猴（僧面猴）中观察到的案例，其中两只年轻雄性猴子，年龄分别为5 - 6岁和19个月，进行了长达15分钟不间断的求爱行为和骑跨行为。与之前建立的簇绒卷尾猴异性性行为典型的20种行为的行为图谱相比，我们发现这两只雄性猴子表现出了其中的16种行为。因此，同性性行为已经存在于年轻个体的行为模式中，这种行为可能有助于建立或加强联系。尽管同性骑跨和生殖器检查在卷尾猴的玩耍和其他社会互动中很常见，但在幼猴中从未观察到几乎完整的求爱行为序列。此外，这个例子支持了灵长类（同）性行为不限于生殖器和交配的观点，因为观察到的求爱行为包括了与生殖器接触不同的多种行为。因此，我们提出了一个更宽泛的性行为定义。
