Crettels L, Champon L, Burlion N, Delrée E, Saegerman C, Thiry D
Department of Microbiology, Scientific Institute of Public Service (ISSeP), Liège, Belgium.
Veterinary Bacteriology and Bacterial Animal Diseases, Department of Parasitic and Infectious Diseases, Centre for Fundamental and Applied Research for Animals and Health (FARAH), University of Liège, Liège, Belgium.
Heliyon. 2023 May 24;9(6):e16538. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16538. eCollection 2023 Jun.
The objective of this work was to evaluate the antimicrobial resistant (AR) prevalence in recreational waters in Belgium and to assess the exposure risk for bathers. Nine stations were sampled during the 2021 bathing season. A total of 912 strains were isolated and tested by the disk diffusion method in accordance with EUCAST recommendations, including Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL) production. AR were counted at each bathing sites, 24% of strains were resistant to at least one antibiotic and 6% were Multi-Drug Resistant (MDR). A Multiple Antibiotic Resistance (MAR) index was calculated to compare the bathing sites. The Lesse river had the highest MAR index as well as the highest absolute abundance and the largest number of ESBL-producing . Conversely, the 3 lakes showed lower contamination levels and AR rates. A human health risk assessment of exposure to AR based on the calculation of measured prevalence, was performed considering four different dose-response model scenarios. The human health risk (Pd) ranged from 10 to 0.183 (children). The exposure probabilities were low, except for scenario 3 ( O157:H7), which is the most severe.
这项工作的目的是评估比利时休闲水域中的抗菌药物耐药性（AR）流行情况，并评估游泳者的接触风险。在2021年游泳季节对9个站点进行了采样。共分离出912株菌株，并根据欧洲抗菌药物敏感性试验委员会（EUCAST）的建议，采用纸片扩散法进行检测，包括超广谱β-内酰胺酶（ESBL）的产生情况。在每个游泳地点统计AR情况，24%的菌株对至少一种抗生素耐药，6%为多重耐药（MDR）。计算了多重抗生素耐药（MAR）指数以比较各游泳地点。莱斯河的MAR指数最高，同时绝对丰度最高且产ESBL的数量最多。相反，3个湖泊的污染水平和AR率较低。基于实测流行率的计算，考虑四种不同的剂量反应模型情景，对接触AR进行了人体健康风险评估。人体健康风险（Pd）范围为10至0.183（儿童）。除了最严重的情景3（O157:H7）外，接触概率较低。
