Dual Tumor Exosome Biomarker Co-recognitions Based Nanoliquid Biopsy for the Accurate Early Diagnosis of Pancreatic Cancer.

Pancreatic cancer, with extremely limited treatment options and poor prognosis, urgently needs a breakthrough in early diagnosis and monitoring. Tumor exosomes (T-Exos) detection is presently one of the most clinically significant liquid biopsy approaches for non-invasive pancreatic cancer early diagnosis, which, unfortunately, cannot be applied as a routine diagnostic tool until a number of obstacles, such as unsatisfactory specificity and sensitivity, as well as labor-intensive purification and analysis procedures by ultracentrifugation and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, are overcome. Here, we report a facile nanoliquid biopsy assay for the especially specific, ultrasensitive yet economical T-Exos detection by a dual specific biomarker antigen co-recognition and capturing strategy, which is enabled by grafting two corresponding capture antibodies on magnetic nanoparticles and gold nanoparticles, for the accurate detection of target tumor exosomes. This approach exhibits excellent specificity and ultrahigh sensitivity of detecting as low as 78 pg/mL pancreatic cancer exosome specific protein GPC1. Successful screening of 21 pancreatic cancer samples from 22 normal control cases with the enhanced specificity and sensitivity ensures the promising non-invasive monitoring and diagnosis for early stage pancreatic cancer.