Department of Pediatrics and Child Health Nursing, School of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Specialized Hospital, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Department of Community Health Nursing, School of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
PLoS One. 2023 Jun 8;18(6):e0286662. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0286662. eCollection 2023.
In Ethiopia, the burden of non-breastfeeding is still high despite substantial improvements in breastfeeding. However, the determinants of non-breastfeeding were poorly understood. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify the maternal -related factors associated with non-breastfeeding.
An in-depth analysis of data from the Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey 2016 (EDHS 2016) was used. A total weighted sample of 11,007 children was included in the analysis. Multilevel logistic regression models were fitted to identify factors associated with non-breastfeeding. A p-value < of 0.05 was used to identify factors significantly associated with non-breastfeeding.
The prevalence of non-breastfeeding in Ethiopia was 5.28%. The odds of not breastfeeding were 1.5 times higher among women aged 35to 49 years (AOR = 1.5 CI: 1.034, 2.267) than among women aged 15to 24 years. The odds of not breastfeeding were higher among children whose mothers had BMIs of 18.5-24.9 (AOR = 1.6 CI: 1.097, 2.368) and 25-29.9 (AOR = 2.445 CI: 1.36, 4.394) than among women with BMIs of < 18.5. In addition, not breastfeeding was also significantly associated with ANC follow-up, where mothers who had 1-3 ANC follow-up had a 54% decreased odds (AOR = 0.651 CI: 0.46,0.921) compared to mothers who had no ANC follow-up. Demographically, mothers from Somalia region were five times (AOR = 5.485 CI: 1.654, 18.183) and mothers from SNNP region were almost four times (AOR = 3.997 CI: 1.352, 11.809) more likely to not breastfeed than mothers residing in Addis Ababa.
Although breastfeeding practices are gradually improving in Ethiopia, the number of children not breastfed remains high. Individual-level characteristics (women's age, body mass index, and ANC follow-up) and community-level characteristics (geographic region) were statistically significant determinants of non-breastfeeding. Therefore, it is good for the federal minister of Health, planners, policy and decision- makers, and other concerned child health programmers to prioritize both individual and community factors.
尽管母乳喂养在埃塞俄比亚有了实质性的改善，但非母乳喂养的负担仍然很高。然而，非母乳喂养的决定因素还没有被很好地理解。因此，本研究的目的是确定与非母乳喂养相关的产妇因素。
对 2016 年埃塞俄比亚人口与健康调查（EDHS 2016）的数据进行深入分析。共有 11007 名儿童的加权总样本纳入分析。使用多水平逻辑回归模型来确定与非母乳喂养相关的因素。p 值<0.05 被认为与非母乳喂养显著相关。
埃塞俄比亚非母乳喂养的流行率为 5.28%。与 15-24 岁的妇女相比，35-49 岁的妇女不母乳喂养的可能性高 1.5 倍（AOR=1.5，95%CI：1.034，2.267）。与 BMI<18.5 的妇女相比，BMI 为 18.5-24.9（AOR=1.6，95%CI：1.097，2.368）和 25-29.9（AOR=2.445，95%CI：1.36，4.394）的儿童母亲不母乳喂养的可能性更高。此外，非母乳喂养与 ANC 随访也有显著关联，与没有 ANC 随访的母亲相比，接受 1-3 次 ANC 随访的母亲的母乳喂养可能性降低了 54%（AOR=0.651，95%CI：0.46，0.921）。从人口统计学上看，来自索马里地区的母亲不母乳喂养的可能性是来自亚的斯亚贝巴的母亲的五倍（AOR=5.485，95%CI：1.654，18.183），来自 SNNP 地区的母亲不母乳喂养的可能性几乎是前者的四倍（AOR=3.997，95%CI：1.352，11.809）。
尽管母乳喂养在埃塞俄比亚逐渐得到改善，但不母乳喂养的儿童数量仍然很高。个体层面的特征（妇女的年龄、体重指数和 ANC 随访）和社区层面的特征（地理位置）是与非母乳喂养显著相关的决定因素。因此，联邦卫生部长、规划者、政策制定者和其他关注儿童健康的项目人员应该优先考虑个人和社区因素。
