Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy.
Epidemiology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy.
Nutrients. 2018 Jan 5;10(1):48. doi: 10.3390/nu10010048.
Breastfeeding is the normative standard for infant feeding. Despite its established benefits, different factors can affect breastfeeding rates over time. The purpose of this study was to evaluate breastfeeding determinants in healthy term newborns during the first three months of life. A prospective, observational, single-center study was conducted in the nursery of Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico in Milan, Italy. The mother-baby dyads that were admitted to the Clinic in January and February 2017 were enrolled. Only healthy term babies with birth weight ≥10th percentile for gestational age were included. Data were collected through medical records and questionnaires administered during the follow-up period. Then, we fitted univariate and multivariate logistic models and calculated odds ratios. 746 dyads were included but 640 completed the study. The factors found to be favoring breastfeeding were a previous successful breastfeeding experience, a higher level of education of the mother, attending prenatal classes, no use of pacifier, rooming in practice, and breastfeeding on demand. Factors acting negatively on breastfeeding were advanced maternal age, non-spontaneous delivery, perception of low milk supply, mastitis, and nipple fissures. This study highlights the need to individualize the assistance provide to breastfeeding mothers, paying special attention to personal experiences.
母乳喂养是婴儿喂养的规范标准。尽管母乳喂养有其既定的好处,但不同的因素会影响母乳喂养率随时间的变化。本研究旨在评估健康足月新生儿在生命的头三个月内母乳喂养的决定因素。这是一项在意大利米兰的Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico 新生儿科进行的前瞻性、观察性、单中心研究。本研究纳入了 2017 年 1 月和 2 月入住诊所的母婴对。仅纳入健康足月、出生体重≥胎龄第 10 百分位的婴儿。通过随访期间的病历和问卷调查收集数据。然后,我们拟合了单变量和多变量逻辑模型,并计算了比值比。共纳入 746 对母婴,但有 640 对完成了研究。有利于母乳喂养的因素有:之前母乳喂养成功的经验、母亲较高的教育水平、参加产前课程、不使用奶嘴、母婴同室、按需哺乳。母乳喂养的不利因素有:母亲年龄较大、非自然分娩、感觉乳汁供应不足、乳腺炎和乳头皲裂。本研究强调了需要根据母乳喂养母亲的个人情况提供个性化的帮助,特别要关注个人经验。