Laboratory of Virology, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, Montana, USA.
Rocky Mountain Veterinary Branch, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, Montana, USA.
J Infect Dis. 2023 Nov 15;228(Suppl 7):S671-S676. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiad208.
Ebola virus (EBOV) and Marburg virus (MARV) made headlines in the past decade, causing outbreaks of human disease in previously nonendemic yet overlapping areas. While EBOV outbreaks can be mitigated with licensed vaccines and treatments, there is not yet a licensed countermeasure for MARV. Here, we used nonhuman primates (NHPs) previously vaccinated with vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV)-MARV and protected against lethal MARV challenge. After a resting period of 9 months, these NHPs were revaccinated with VSV-EBOV and challenged with EBOV, resulting in 75% survival. Surviving NHPs developed EBOV glycoprotein (GP)-specific antibody titers and no viremia or clinical signs of disease. The single vaccinated NHP succumbing to challenge showed the lowest EBOV GP-specific antibody response after challenge, supporting previous findings with VSV-EBOV that antigen-specific antibodies are critical in mediating protection. This study again demonstrates that VSVΔG-based filovirus vaccine can be successfully used in individuals with preexisting VSV vector immunity, highlighting the platform's applicability for consecutive outbreak response.
埃博拉病毒（EBOV）和马尔堡病毒（MARV）在过去十年中成为头条新闻，在以前非流行但重叠的地区引发了人类疾病爆发。虽然 EBOV 爆发可以通过许可疫苗和治疗来减轻，但目前还没有针对 MARV 的许可对策。在这里，我们使用先前接种过水疱性口炎病毒（VSV）-MARV 并能预防致命 MARV 挑战的非人类灵长类动物（NHP）。休息 9 个月后，这些 NHP 用 VSV-EBOV 重新接种并接受 EBOV 挑战，结果有 75%的存活率。幸存的 NHP 产生了 EBOV 糖蛋白（GP）特异性抗体滴度，没有病毒血症或疾病的临床症状。在挑战中死亡的单一接种 NHP 在挑战后表现出最低的 EBOV GP 特异性抗体反应，这支持了先前用 VSV-EBOV 进行的研究结果，即抗原特异性抗体在介导保护方面至关重要。这项研究再次表明，基于 VSVΔG 的丝状病毒疫苗可成功用于具有预先存在的 VSV 载体免疫的个体，突出了该平台在连续爆发应对方面的适用性。
