Mawusi Sylvester Kosi, Shrestha Prabin, Xue Chunyu, Liu Guangqing
Biomass Energy and Environmental Engineering Research Center, College of Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China.
Heliyon. 2023 May 25;9(6):e16416. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16416. eCollection 2023 Jun.
Ghana's Renewable Energy Master Plan of 2019 includes the production and use of biomass pellets. However, pellets have neither been developed commercially nor included in Ghana's energy mix. This paper reviewed the prospect of production, adoption and sustained use of pellets in Ghana. Besides having abundant biomass resources, Ghana has high market demand and relevant policies for pellet development. The production of pellets can significantly replace traditional household biomass demand and improve environmental and health quality. However, the production and use of pellets are limited due to technical, financial, social and policy issues. Our estimates show that 3% of the annual national average household income will be spent on pellet demand for cooking, with the highest burden on rural households in Ghana. Practical measures are required since the cost of pellets and gasifier stoves may limit pellet adoption and use in Ghana. Based on study findings, it is recommended that the government of Ghana establishes a robust supply chain and provides infrastructure for pellet production and use. Existing renewable energy policies should be reviewed to remove ambiguities, attract investment, and build capacity in the renewable energy sector. Apart from raising public awareness of the benefits of pellets use, the government of Ghana should ensure that continuous and thorough impact assessments are undertaken to assess the implications of pellet production and use. This review will inform policymaking on achieving sustainable production, adoption and use of pellets and assess Ghana's contribution to achieving the United Nations' sustainable development goals.
加纳2019年的可再生能源总体规划包括生物质颗粒的生产和使用。然而，颗粒既未实现商业化开发，也未纳入加纳的能源结构。本文回顾了加纳颗粒生产、采用和持续使用的前景。加纳除了拥有丰富的生物质资源外，对颗粒开发还有很高的市场需求和相关政策。颗粒生产可以显著替代传统家庭生物质需求，改善环境和健康质量。然而，由于技术、资金、社会和政策问题，颗粒的生产和使用受到限制。我们的估计表明，加纳每年将把全国平均家庭收入的3%用于烹饪所需的颗粒，加纳农村家庭负担最重。由于颗粒和气化炉的成本可能会限制加纳对颗粒的采用和使用，因此需要采取切实可行的措施。根据研究结果，建议加纳政府建立一个强大的供应链，并为颗粒生产和使用提供基础设施。应审查现有的可再生能源政策，以消除模糊之处，吸引投资，并建设可再生能源部门的能力。除了提高公众对使用颗粒的好处的认识外，加纳政府还应确保进行持续和全面的影响评估，以评估颗粒生产和使用的影响。这一综述将为实现颗粒的可持续生产、采用和使用的决策提供参考，并评估加纳对实现联合国可持续发展目标的贡献。
