Fujita M, Fujita F, Shimozuma K, Sakamoto Y, Kusuyama T, Usugane M, Origasa H, Taguchi T
Gan To Kagaku Ryoho. 1986 Apr;13(4 Pt 2):1227-34.
Since 1974, approximately 200 fresh cancer tissues obtained from various types of cancer patients were inoculated into athymic BALB/c nude mice, of which 30 percent were taken and grown in the subcutaneous space of mice. Among them 15 lines of gastrointestinal and breast cancer xenografts were selected for experimental single agent chemotherapy. The response rates of 14 drugs examined in this xenograft system were compared with the cumulative clinical response rate of each drug in the same type of cancer. Drugs which were clinically effective against one type of tumor were found to be also effective against the corresponding xenograft in nude mice. Thus the human cancer-nude mouse system was considered useful as a predictive secondary screening method for new drugs. This evidence suggested to us the feasibility of utilizing the system as a chemosensitivity test for determining the drugs effective for an individual human malignancy. In our present study, the responses to 15 experimental chemotherapies with single agent or drug combination of 11 lines of cancer xenografts in nude mice were directly compared with the clinical response in each donor patient to the corresponding chemotherapy. Good correlation was obtained between these respective results, the overall predictive accuracy of the experimental results being 93%. Therefore, if the rate of transplantability to nude mice were to be improved, this nude mouse system would become a promising tool for the individual chemosensitivity test. The subrenal capsule (SRC) assay recently introduced by Bogden and his colleagues has excited much attention among Japanese clinical oncologists. In our study, cancer tissues implanted under the renal capsule 6 days after inoculation, did not show marked proliferation and a high percentage of implants was almost replaced by host reactive tissue. It therefore seems necessary to solve some fundamental problems before we can apply this assay method to clinical chemosensitivity trial.
自1974年以来，从各类癌症患者身上获取了约200份新鲜癌组织，并接种到无胸腺BALB/c裸鼠体内，其中30%的组织被取出并在小鼠皮下生长。在这些组织中，挑选出15株胃肠道和乳腺癌异种移植瘤用于单药化疗实验。将该异种移植瘤系统中检测的14种药物的反应率与每种药物在同一类型癌症中的累积临床反应率进行比较。结果发现，临床上对某一类型肿瘤有效的药物，对裸鼠体内相应的异种移植瘤也有效。因此，人癌-裸鼠系统被认为是一种有用的新药预测性二次筛选方法。这一证据向我们表明，利用该系统作为化学敏感性试验来确定对个体人类恶性肿瘤有效的药物是可行的。在我们目前的研究中，将11株癌症异种移植瘤在裸鼠体内对15种单药或联合用药的实验性化疗反应，与每位供体患者对相应化疗的临床反应进行了直接比较。这些结果之间具有良好的相关性，实验结果的总体预测准确率为93%。因此，如果提高向裸鼠的移植率，这个裸鼠系统将成为个体化学敏感性试验的一个有前景的工具。Bogden及其同事最近引入的肾被膜下（SRC）测定法引起了日本临床肿瘤学家的广泛关注。在我们的研究中，接种6天后植入肾被膜下的癌组织未显示出明显的增殖，且大部分植入物几乎被宿主反应性组织取代。因此，在将这种测定方法应用于临床化学敏感性试验之前，似乎有必要解决一些基本问题。
