Department of Musculoskeletal Disorders and Physical Workload, National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
Eur J Public Health. 2023 Aug 1;33(4):606-611. doi: 10.1093/eurpub/ckad090.
A growing population of elderly necessitates a sharpened focus on sustainable employment through aging. Physically demanding work can be challenging, especially for senior workers. Establishing determinants of labor market participation could guide policy development and preventive efforts at the workplaces aiming at keeping senior workers longer in the labor market.
We used data from SeniorWorkingLife, a comprehensive questionnaire survey among a representative sample of Danish +50-year workers, and investigated the prospective association between self-reported work limitations due to musculoskeletal pain ('work-limiting pain') in 2018 and register-based loss of paid employment before state pension age at 2-year follow-up among +50-year Danish workers with physically demanding work (n = 3050).
Results showed that work-limiting pain increased the risk of loss of paid employment before the state pension age in a progressive manner, i.e. the higher degree of work-limiting pain, the higher risk of loss of paid employment (P < 0.001). Experiencing a low degree of work-limiting pain was associated with an 18% increased risk of loss of paid employment [risk ratio (RR): 1.18, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.14-1.21], whereas experiencing a very high degree of work-limiting pain increased the risk of loss of paid employment by 155% (RR: 2.55, 95% CI: 2.43-2.69) compared to no work-limiting pain.
In conclusion, work-limiting pain constitutes an important risk factor for loss of paid employment among senior workers with physically demanding work, and effective preventive efforts at both policy and workplace levels should be documented and implemented.
随着老年人口的增长，需要更加关注通过老龄化实现可持续就业。体力劳动可能具有挑战性，尤其是对于老年工人而言。确定劳动力市场参与的决定因素可以为政策制定和工作场所的预防措施提供指导，旨在使老年工人在劳动力市场中工作更长时间。
我们使用了来自 SeniorWorkingLife 的数据，这是一项针对丹麦+50 岁工人代表性样本的综合问卷调查，并调查了 2018 年因肌肉骨骼疼痛导致的自我报告工作限制（“工作限制疼痛”）与 2 年后达到国家养老金年龄前失去有体力要求工作的+50 岁丹麦工人的有偿就业之间的前瞻性关联（n=3050）。
结果表明，工作限制疼痛呈渐进式增加了提前失去有偿就业的风险，即工作限制疼痛程度越高，失去有偿就业的风险越高（P<0.001）。经历低度工作限制疼痛与有偿就业损失风险增加 18%相关（风险比 [RR]：1.18，95%置信区间 [CI]：1.14-1.21），而经历高度工作限制疼痛使有偿就业损失风险增加 155%（RR：2.55，95% CI：2.43-2.69），与无工作限制疼痛相比。
总之，工作限制疼痛是体力劳动的老年工人失去有偿就业的一个重要危险因素，应记录和实施政策和工作场所层面的有效预防措施。
