Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
Chair for DNA Research, Zoology Department, College of Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
Int J Mol Sci. 2023 May 23;24(11):9141. doi: 10.3390/ijms24119141.
Recent studies in nanomedicine have intensively explored the prospective applications of surface-tailored graphene oxide (GO) as anticancer entity. However, the efficacy of nonfunctionalized graphene oxide nanolayers (GRO-NLs) as an anticancer agent is less explored. In this study, we report the synthesis of GRO-NLs and their in vitro anticancer potential in breast (MCF-7), colon (HT-29), and cervical (HeLa) cancer cells. GRO-NLs-treated HT-29, HeLa, and MCF-7 cells showed cytotoxicity in the MTT and NRU assays via defects in mitochondrial functions and lysosomal activity. HT-29, HeLa, and MCF-7 cells treated with GRO-NLs exhibited substantial elevations in ROS, disturbances of the mitochondrial membrane potential, an influx of Ca, and apoptosis. The qPCR quantification showed the upregulation of , , , and genes in GRO-NLs-treated cells. Western blotting showed the depletion of P21, P53, and CDC25C proteins in the above cancer cell lines after GRO-NLs treatment, indicating its function as a mutagen to induce mutation in the gene, thereby affecting P53 protein and downstream effectors P21 and CDC25C. In addition, there may be a mechanism other than P53 mutation that controls P53 dysfunction. We conclude that nonfunctionalized GRO-NLs exhibit prospective biomedical application as a putative anticancer entity against colon, cervical, and breast cancers.
最近的纳米医学研究深入探讨了表面定制的氧化石墨烯（GO）作为抗癌实体的潜在应用。然而，非功能化氧化石墨烯纳米层（GRO-NLs）作为抗癌剂的功效尚未得到充分探索。在这项研究中，我们报告了 GRO-NLs 的合成及其在乳腺癌（MCF-7）、结肠癌（HT-29）和宫颈癌（HeLa）细胞中的体外抗癌潜力。GRO-NLs 处理的 HT-29、HeLa 和 MCF-7 细胞通过线粒体功能和溶酶体活性的缺陷在 MTT 和 NRU 测定中表现出细胞毒性。用 GRO-NLs 处理的 HT-29、HeLa 和 MCF-7 细胞表现出 ROS 的大量增加、线粒体膜电位的紊乱、Ca 的内流和细胞凋亡。qPCR 定量显示 GRO-NLs 处理的细胞中 、 、 和 基因上调。Western blot 显示 GRO-NLs 处理后上述癌细胞系中 P21、P53 和 CDC25C 蛋白耗竭，表明其作为诱变剂的功能可诱导 基因发生突变，从而影响 P53 蛋白及其下游效应物 P21 和 CDC25C。此外，可能存在一种除 P53 突变之外的机制来控制 P53 功能障碍。我们得出结论，非功能化的 GRO-NLs 作为一种有前途的抗癌实体，可用于对抗结肠癌、宫颈癌和乳腺癌。
