Agho C A, Runno-Paurson E, Tähtjärv T, Kaurilind E, Niinemets Ü
Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 1, 51006 Tartu, Estonia.
The Centre of Estonian Rural Research and Knowledge, J. Aamisepa 1, 48309 Jõgeva, Estonia.
Plants (Basel). 2023 May 25;12(11):2100. doi: 10.3390/plants12112100.
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) play key roles in plant abiotic and biotic stress resistance, but even for widespread crops, there is limited information on variations in the magnitude and composition of constitutive VOC emissions among cultivars with varying stress resistance. The foliage VOC emissions from nine local and commercial potato cultivars (Alouette, Sarme, Kuras, Ando, Anti, Jõgeva Kollane, Teele, 1681-11, and Reet) with medium to late maturities and varying (the causative agent of late blight disease) resistance backgrounds were analyzed to gain an insight into the genetic diversity of constitutive VOC emissions and to test the hypothesis that cultivars more resistant to have greater VOC emissions and different VOC fingerprints. Forty-six VOCs were identified in the emission blends of potato leaves. The majority of the VOCs were sesquiterpenes (50% of the total number of compounds and 0.5-36.9% of the total emissions) and monoterpenes (30.4% of the total number of compounds and 57.8-92.5% of the total VOC emissions). Qualitative differences in leaf volatiles, mainly in sesquiterpenes, were related to the potato genotype background. Among the volatile groups, the monoterpenes α-pinene, β-pinene, Δ-carene, limonene, and -cymene, the sesquiterpenes ()-β-caryophyllene and α-copaene, and green leaf volatile hexanal were the major volatiles in all cultivars. A higher share of VOCs known to have antimicrobial activities was observed. Interestingly, the cultivars were grouped into high and low resistance categories based on the VOC profiles, and the total terpenoid and total constitutive VOC emission scale positively with resistance. To support and expedite advances in breeding for resistance to diseases such as late blight disease, the plant research community must develop a fast and precise approach to measure disease resistance. We conclude that the blend of emitted volatiles is a fast, non-invasive, and promising indicator to identify cultivars resistant to potato late blight disease.
挥发性有机化合物（VOCs）在植物抗非生物和生物胁迫中发挥着关键作用，但即使对于广泛种植的作物，关于不同抗逆性品种间组成型VOC排放的量和组成变化的信息也有限。分析了9个中晚熟且具有不同晚疫病抗性背景的本地和商业马铃薯品种（阿卢埃特、萨尔梅、库拉斯、安多、安蒂、约格瓦·科拉内、蒂勒、1681 - 11和里特）的叶片VOC排放情况，以深入了解组成型VOC排放的遗传多样性，并检验以下假设：对晚疫病抗性更强的品种具有更高的VOC排放和不同的VOC指纹图谱。在马铃薯叶片的排放混合物中鉴定出了46种VOC。大多数VOC是倍半萜烯（占化合物总数的50%，占总排放量的0.5 - 36.9%）和单萜烯（占化合物总数的30.4%，占总VOC排放量的57.8 - 92.5%）。叶片挥发物的定性差异，主要是倍半萜烯的差异，与马铃薯基因型背景有关。在挥发性组分中，单萜烯α-蒎烯、β-蒎烯、Δ-蒈烯、柠檬烯和对伞花烃，倍半萜烯（）-β-石竹烯和α-可巴烯，以及绿叶挥发物己醛是所有品种中的主要挥发物。观察到具有抗菌活性的VOC所占比例更高。有趣的是，根据VOC谱图将品种分为高抗和低抗类别，总萜类化合物和总组成型VOC排放规模与抗性呈正相关。为了支持并加快晚疫病等抗病育种的进展，植物研究界必须开发一种快速且精确的方法来测量抗病性。我们得出结论，排放的挥发性混合物是一种快速、非侵入性且有前景的指标，可用于鉴定抗马铃薯晚疫病的品种。
