College of Food Sciences & Engineering, Hainan University, 58 People Road, Haikou 570228, China.
Chunguang Agro-Product Processing Institute, Wenchang 571333, China.
Molecules. 2019 Sep 6;24(18):3246. doi: 10.3390/molecules24183246.
3-Carene is an antimicrobial monoterpene that occurs naturally in a variety of plants and has an ambiguous antibacterial mechanism against food-borne germs. The antibacterial effects and action mechanism of 3-carene against Gram-positive ACCC 03870 and Gram-negative ATCC 13525 were studied. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) examination and leakage of alkaline phosphatase (AKP) verified that 3-carene caused more obvious damage to the morphology and wall structure of than . The release of potassium ions and proteins, the reduction in membrane potential (MP), and fluorescein diacetate (FDA) staining further confirmed that the loss of the barrier function of the cell membrane and the leakage of cytoplasmic contents were due to the 3-carene treatment. Furthermore, the disorder of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), malate dehydrogenase (MDH), pyruvate kinase (PK), and ATP content indicated that 3-carene could lead to metabolic dysfunction and inhibit energy synthesis. In addition, the results from the fluorescence analysis revealed that 3-carene could probably bind to bacterial DNA and affect the conformation and structure of genomic DNA. These results revealed that 3-carene had strong antibacterial activity against and via membrane damage, bacterial metabolic perturbations, and genomic DNA structure disruption, interfering in cellular functions and even causing cell death.
3-蒈烯是一种天然存在于多种植物中的抗菌单萜，其对食源性病原体具有不确定的抗菌机制。本研究探讨了 3-蒈烯对革兰氏阳性 ACCC 03870 和革兰氏阴性 ATCC 13525 的抗菌作用及其作用机制。扫描电子显微镜（SEM）检查和碱性磷酸酶（AKP）渗漏验证了 3-蒈烯对 的形态和细胞壁结构造成更明显的损伤。钾离子和蛋白质的释放、膜电位（MP）降低以及荧光素二乙酸（FDA）染色进一步证实了细胞膜屏障功能的丧失和细胞质内容物的渗漏是由于 3-蒈烯处理所致。此外，琥珀酸脱氢酶（SDH）、苹果酸脱氢酶（MDH）、丙酮酸激酶（PK）和 ATP 含量的紊乱表明 3-蒈烯可能导致代谢功能障碍并抑制能量合成。此外，荧光分析结果表明，3-蒈烯可能与细菌 DNA 结合，影响基因组 DNA 的构象和结构。这些结果表明，3-蒈烯通过破坏细胞膜、扰乱细菌代谢以及破坏基因组 DNA 结构，对 和 具有很强的抗菌活性，干扰细胞功能甚至导致细胞死亡。
