美国参与者中的有机磷酸酯、气道炎症和肺功能：一项基于2011 - 2012年美国国家健康与营养检查调查（NHANES）的全国代表性横断面研究。
Organophosphate esters, airway inflammation, and lung function among U.S. participants: A nationally representative cross-sectional study from NHANES, 2011-2012.
作者信息
Hu Peipei, Ke Shujun, Vinturache Angela, Chen Yan, Ding Guodong, Zhang Yongjun
机构信息
Department of Pediatrics, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Department of Radiology, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
出版信息
Sci Total Environ. 2023 Sep 20;892:164755. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.164755. Epub 2023 Jun 8.
BACKGROUND
Human beings are widespread exposed to organophosphate esters (OPEs), but little is known about their effects on respiratory health.
OBJECTIVES
To investigate the associations of exposure to OPEs with lung function and airway inflammation among U.S. participants from NHANES, 2011-2012.
METHODS
A total of 1636 participants aged 6-79 years were included. Concentrations of OPE metabolites were measured in urine and lung function was assessed with spirometry. Fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) and blood eosinophils (B-Eos), two important inflammatory biomarkers, were also measured. Linear regression was performed to examine the relationships of OPEs with FeNO, B-Eos and lung function. Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) was used to evaluate the joint associations between OPEs mixtures and lung function.
RESULTS
Three of seven OPE metabolites had detection frequencies > 80 %, including diphenyl phosphate (DPHP), bis (1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (BDCPP), bis-2-chloroethyl phosphate (BCEP). A 10-fold increase in DPHP concentrations were associated with 1.02 mL decreases in FEV (β = -0.01, 95 % CIs = -0.02, -0.003) and FVC (β = -0.01, 95 % CIs = -0.02, -0.003), respectively, and the similar, modest decreases were seen for BDCPP. For each 10-fold increase in BCEP concentration, FVC was also reduced by 1.02 mL (β = -0.01, 95 % CIs = -0.02, -0.002). Moreover, the negative associations were only found in non-smokers aged >35 years. The aforementioned associations were confirmed by BKMR, but we cannot definitively identify a constituent driving this association. B-Eos was negatively associated with FEV and FEV/FVC, but not with OPEs. No associations were found of FeNO with OPEs and lung function.
CONCLUSIONS
Exposure to OPEs was associated with modest decrements in lung function, although the observed decrease in FVC and FEV is unlikely to be of real clinical relevance for the majority of subjects in this series. Moreover, those associations presented age and smoking status-dependent pattern. Unexpectedly, the adverse effect was not mediated by FeNO/B-Eos.
背景
人类广泛暴露于有机磷酸酯（OPEs）中，但对其对呼吸健康的影响知之甚少。
目的
调查2011 - 2012年美国国家健康与营养检查调查（NHANES）参与者中OPEs暴露与肺功能和气道炎症之间的关联。
方法
共纳入1636名年龄在6 - 79岁的参与者。测量尿液中OPE代谢物的浓度，并用肺量计评估肺功能。还测量了两个重要的炎症生物标志物呼出一氧化氮分数（FeNO）和血液嗜酸性粒细胞（B - Eos）。进行线性回归以检验OPEs与FeNO、B - Eos和肺功能之间的关系。使用贝叶斯核机器回归（BKMR）来评估OPE混合物与肺功能之间的联合关联。
结果
七种OPE代谢物中的三种检测频率> 80%，包括磷酸二苯酯（DPHP）、双（1,3 - 二氯 - 2 - 丙基）磷酸酯（BDCPP）、双（2 - 氯乙基）磷酸酯（BCEP）。DPHP浓度每增加10倍，分别与第一秒用力呼气容积（FEV）降低1.02 mL（β = -0.01，95%置信区间 = -0.02，-0.003）和用力肺活量（FVC）降低1.02 mL（β = -0.01，95%置信区间 = -0.02，-0.003）相关，BDCPP也有类似的适度降低。BCEP浓度每增加10倍，FVC也降低1.02 mL（β = -0.01，95%置信区间 = -0.02，-0.002）。此外，仅在年龄> 35岁的非吸烟者中发现了上述负相关。BKMR证实了上述关联，但我们无法明确确定驱动这种关联的成分。B - Eos与FEV和FEV/FVC呈负相关，但与OPEs无关。未发现FeNO与OPEs和肺功能之间存在关联。
结论
暴露于OPEs与肺功能适度下降有关，尽管在本系列中观察到的FVC和FEV下降对大多数受试者来说不太可能具有实际临床意义。此外，这些关联呈现出年龄和吸烟状态依赖性模式。出乎意料的是，这种不良反应不是由FeNO/B - Eos介导的。
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