Kang Xiao, Li Jingxian, Luo Jia, Zhang Dongfeng
Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, The School of Public Health of Qingdao University, No.308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao, 266021, China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2022 Sep;29(44):67287-67300. doi: 10.1007/s11356-022-20596-1. Epub 2022 May 6.
Organophosphate esters (OPEs) are used widely as flame retardants and plasticizers. However, the associations between OPEs metabolites and sleep outcomes (sleep disorder and trouble sleeping) remain unknown. Data utilized in this cross-sectional study was from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2013-2014, including 1393 adults aged ≥ 20 years. We conducted weighted logistic regression and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) models to analyze the associations between OPEs metabolites and sleep outcomes. We included data from 2011 to 2012 cycle in our sensitivity analysis to explore the association further. Logistic regression model presented a significant positive association between diphenyl phosphate (DPHP) and sleep disorder in all participants (odds ratio (95% confidence interval) for the second quartile was 2.46 (1.85, 3.28)). We observed positive associations between OPEs metabolites and sleep outcomes in males. Among females, no significant association was observed in the logistic model. BKMR presented that dibutyl phosphate (DBUP) was the relatively important exposure. There was a positive association between OPEs metabolites mixture and trouble sleeping. Univariable exposure-response functions demonstrated U-shaped associations between DBUP and sleep outcomes, while bis(2-chloroethyl) phosphate (BCEP) was associated with sleep disorder negatively in females. No substantial changes appeared in the results after including the data from 2011 to 2012 cycle. This current study indicated that OPEs metabolites might be associated with sleep disorder and trouble sleeping, and the associations seemed to be sex-dependent.
有机磷酸酯（OPEs）被广泛用作阻燃剂和增塑剂。然而，OPEs代谢物与睡眠结果（睡眠障碍和入睡困难）之间的关联仍不清楚。本横断面研究使用的数据来自2013 - 2014年国家健康与营养检查调查，包括1393名年龄≥20岁的成年人。我们进行了加权逻辑回归和贝叶斯核机器回归（BKMR）模型，以分析OPEs代谢物与睡眠结果之间的关联。在敏感性分析中，我们纳入了2011年至2012年周期的数据，以进一步探讨这种关联。逻辑回归模型显示，在所有参与者中，磷酸二苯酯（DPHP）与睡眠障碍之间存在显著正相关（第二四分位数的优势比（95%置信区间）为2.46（1.85，3.28））。我们在男性中观察到OPEs代谢物与睡眠结果之间存在正相关。在女性中，逻辑模型未观察到显著关联。BKMR表明，磷酸二丁酯（DBUP）是相对重要的暴露因素。OPEs代谢物混合物与入睡困难之间存在正相关。单变量暴露 - 反应函数显示DBUP与睡眠结果之间呈U形关联，而双（2 - 氯乙基）磷酸酯（BCEP）在女性中与睡眠障碍呈负相关。纳入2011年至2012年周期的数据后，结果没有出现实质性变化。当前研究表明，OPEs代谢物可能与睡眠障碍和入睡困难有关，且这种关联似乎存在性别差异。
