Center for Demographic Research, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium; Data Science Institute, I-BioStat, Hasselt University, Belgium; Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Sciensano, Brussels, Belgium.
Center for Demographic Research, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
Spat Spatiotemporal Epidemiol. 2023 Jun;45:100587. doi: 10.1016/j.sste.2023.100587. Epub 2023 Apr 18.
In the past, deprivation has been mostly captured through simple and univariate measures such as low income or poor educational attainment in research on health and social inequalities in Belgium. This paper presents a shift towards a more complex, multidimensional measure of deprivation at the aggregate level and describes the development of the first Belgian Indices of Multiple Deprivation (BIMDs) for the years 2001 and 2011.
The BIMDs are constructed at the level of the smallest administrative unit in Belgium, the statistical sector. They are a combination of six domains of deprivation: income, employment, education, housing, crime and health. Each domain is built on a suite of relevant indicators representing individuals that suffer from a certain deprivation in an area. The indicators are combined to create the domain deprivation scores, and these scores are then weighted to create the overall BIMDs scores. The domain and BIMDs scores can be ranked and assigned to deciles from 1 (the most deprived) to 10 (the least deprived).
We show geographical variations in the distribution of the most and least deprived statistical sectors in terms of individual domains and overall BIMDs, and we identify hotspots of deprivation. The majority of the most deprived statistical sectors are located in Wallonia, whereas most of the least deprived statistical sectors are in Flanders.
The BIMDs offer a new tool for researches and policy makers for analyzing patterns of deprivation and identifying areas that would benefit from special initiatives and programs.
在过去，在研究比利时健康和社会不平等问题时，剥夺大多是通过简单的单变量措施来衡量的，如低收入或教育程度低。本文提出了一种更复杂的、多维度的剥夺程度衡量方法，用于描述 2001 年和 2011 年比利时首次多维剥夺指数（BIMD）的发展。
BIMD 是在比利时最小的行政单位，即统计部门水平上构建的。它们是六个剥夺领域的组合：收入、就业、教育、住房、犯罪和健康。每个领域都是由一套代表该地区某种剥夺状况的相关指标构建而成的。将这些指标进行组合以创建领域剥夺分数，然后对这些分数进行加权以创建总体 BIMD 分数。可以对领域和 BIMD 分数进行排名，并将其分配到从 1（最贫困）到 10（最富裕）的十分位数中。
我们展示了在个体领域和总体 BIMD 方面，最贫困和最不贫困的统计部门在分布上的地理差异，并确定了贫困热点地区。大多数最贫困的统计部门位于瓦隆大区，而大多数最不贫困的统计部门位于佛兰德斯大区。
BIMD 为研究人员和政策制定者提供了一种新的工具，用于分析贫困模式，并确定需要特别倡议和计划的地区。
