University Hospital Basel, University of Basel Switzerland.
University Hospital Galway, University of Galway Ireland.
J Am Heart Assoc. 2023 Jun 20;12(12):e029489. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.123.029489. Epub 2023 Jun 10.
Background In view of the rising global burden of severe symptomatic aortic stenosis, its early recognition and treatment is key. Although patients with classical low-flow, low-gradient (C-LFLG) aortic stenosis have higher rates of death after transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) when compared with patients with high-gradient (HG) aortic stenosis, there is conflicting evidence on the death rate in patients with severe paradoxical low-flow, low-gradient (P-LFLG) aortic stenosis. Therefore, we aimed to compare outcomes in real-world patients with severe HG, C-LFLG, and P-LFLG aortic stenosis undergoing TAVI. Methods and Results Clinical outcomes up to 5 years were addressed in the 3 groups of patients enrolled in the prospective, national, multicenter SwissTAVI registry. A total of 8914 patients undergoing TAVI at 15 heart valve centers in Switzerland were analyzed for the purpose of this study. We observed a significant difference in time to death at 1 year after TAVI, with the lowest observed in HG (8.8%) aortic stenosis, followed by P-LFLG (11.5%; hazard ratio [HR], 1.35 [95% CI, 1.16-1.56]; <0.001) and C-LFLG (19.8%; HR, 1.93 [95% CI, 1.64-2.26]; <0.001) aortic stenosis. Cardiovascular death showed similar differences between the groups. At 5 years, the all-cause death rate was 44.4% in HG, 52.1% in P-LFLG (HR, 1.35 [95% CI, 1.23-1.48]; <0.001), and 62.8% in C-LFLG aortic stenosis (HR, 1.7 [95% CI, 1.54-1.88]; <0.001). Conclusions Up to 5 years after TAVI, patients with P-LFLG have higher death rates than patients with HG aortic stenosis but lower death rates than patients with C-LFLG aortic stenosis.
背景:鉴于全球严重症状性主动脉瓣狭窄负担不断增加,早期识别和治疗是关键。虽然与高梯度(HG)主动脉瓣狭窄患者相比,经导管主动脉瓣植入术(TAVI)后具有经典低流量、低梯度(C-LFLG)主动脉瓣狭窄的患者死亡率更高,但严重矛盾性低流量、低梯度(P-LFLG)主动脉瓣狭窄患者的死亡率存在相互矛盾的证据。因此,我们旨在比较接受 TAVI 的严重 HG、C-LFLG 和 P-LFLG 主动脉瓣狭窄患者的真实世界结局。
方法和结果:前瞻性、全国性、多中心瑞士 TAVI 注册研究纳入了 3 组患者,对其 5 年内的临床结局进行了分析。本研究共分析了在瑞士 15 个心脏瓣膜中心接受 TAVI 的 8914 例患者。我们观察到 TAVI 后 1 年死亡时间存在显著差异,HG(8.8%)主动脉瓣狭窄患者死亡率最低,其次是 P-LFLG(11.5%;风险比[HR],1.35[95%CI,1.16-1.56];<0.001)和 C-LFLG(19.8%;HR,1.93[95%CI,1.64-2.26];<0.001)主动脉瓣狭窄患者。心血管死亡率在各组之间也存在类似差异。5 年时,HG 组全因死亡率为 44.4%,P-LFLG 组为 52.1%(HR,1.35[95%CI,1.23-1.48];<0.001),C-LFLG 主动脉瓣狭窄组为 62.8%(HR,1.7[95%CI,1.54-1.88];<0.001)。
结论:TAVI 后 5 年内,P-LFLG 患者的死亡率高于 HG 主动脉瓣狭窄患者,但低于 C-LFLG 主动脉瓣狭窄患者。
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