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经导管主动脉瓣置换术后高梯度、经典低流量-低梯度、低梯度和矛盾低流量-低梯度主动脉瓣狭窄的临床结局:来自瑞士经导管主动脉瓣置换术注册研究的报告。

Clinical Outcomes in High-Gradient, Classical Low-Flow, Low-Gradient, and Paradoxical Low-Flow, Low-Gradient Aortic Stenosis After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation: A Report From the SwissTAVI Registry.

机构信息

University Hospital Basel, University of Basel Switzerland.

University Hospital Galway, University of Galway Ireland.

出版信息

J Am Heart Assoc. 2023 Jun 20;12(12):e029489. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.123.029489. Epub 2023 Jun 10.


DOI:10.1161/JAHA.123.029489
PMID:37301760
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10356021/
Abstract

Background In view of the rising global burden of severe symptomatic aortic stenosis, its early recognition and treatment is key. Although patients with classical low-flow, low-gradient (C-LFLG) aortic stenosis have higher rates of death after transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) when compared with patients with high-gradient (HG) aortic stenosis, there is conflicting evidence on the death rate in patients with severe paradoxical low-flow, low-gradient (P-LFLG) aortic stenosis. Therefore, we aimed to compare outcomes in real-world patients with severe HG, C-LFLG, and P-LFLG aortic stenosis undergoing TAVI. Methods and Results Clinical outcomes up to 5 years were addressed in the 3 groups of patients enrolled in the prospective, national, multicenter SwissTAVI registry. A total of 8914 patients undergoing TAVI at 15 heart valve centers in Switzerland were analyzed for the purpose of this study. We observed a significant difference in time to death at 1 year after TAVI, with the lowest observed in HG (8.8%) aortic stenosis, followed by P-LFLG (11.5%; hazard ratio [HR], 1.35 [95% CI, 1.16-1.56]; <0.001) and C-LFLG (19.8%; HR, 1.93 [95% CI, 1.64-2.26]; <0.001) aortic stenosis. Cardiovascular death showed similar differences between the groups. At 5 years, the all-cause death rate was 44.4% in HG, 52.1% in P-LFLG (HR, 1.35 [95% CI, 1.23-1.48]; <0.001), and 62.8% in C-LFLG aortic stenosis (HR, 1.7 [95% CI, 1.54-1.88]; <0.001). Conclusions Up to 5 years after TAVI, patients with P-LFLG have higher death rates than patients with HG aortic stenosis but lower death rates than patients with C-LFLG aortic stenosis.

摘要

背景:鉴于全球严重症状性主动脉瓣狭窄负担不断增加,早期识别和治疗是关键。虽然与高梯度(HG)主动脉瓣狭窄患者相比,经导管主动脉瓣植入术(TAVI)后具有经典低流量、低梯度(C-LFLG)主动脉瓣狭窄的患者死亡率更高,但严重矛盾性低流量、低梯度(P-LFLG)主动脉瓣狭窄患者的死亡率存在相互矛盾的证据。因此,我们旨在比较接受 TAVI 的严重 HG、C-LFLG 和 P-LFLG 主动脉瓣狭窄患者的真实世界结局。

方法和结果:前瞻性、全国性、多中心瑞士 TAVI 注册研究纳入了 3 组患者,对其 5 年内的临床结局进行了分析。本研究共分析了在瑞士 15 个心脏瓣膜中心接受 TAVI 的 8914 例患者。我们观察到 TAVI 后 1 年死亡时间存在显著差异,HG(8.8%)主动脉瓣狭窄患者死亡率最低,其次是 P-LFLG(11.5%;风险比[HR],1.35[95%CI,1.16-1.56];<0.001)和 C-LFLG(19.8%;HR,1.93[95%CI,1.64-2.26];<0.001)主动脉瓣狭窄患者。心血管死亡率在各组之间也存在类似差异。5 年时,HG 组全因死亡率为 44.4%,P-LFLG 组为 52.1%(HR,1.35[95%CI,1.23-1.48];<0.001),C-LFLG 主动脉瓣狭窄组为 62.8%(HR,1.7[95%CI,1.54-1.88];<0.001)。

结论:TAVI 后 5 年内,P-LFLG 患者的死亡率高于 HG 主动脉瓣狭窄患者,但低于 C-LFLG 主动脉瓣狭窄患者。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/7241/10356021/1cf035708c4a/JAH3-12-e029489-g001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/7241/10356021/10b5f7570159/JAH3-12-e029489-g003.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/7241/10356021/bee37959c63d/JAH3-12-e029489-g002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/7241/10356021/1cf035708c4a/JAH3-12-e029489-g001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/7241/10356021/10b5f7570159/JAH3-12-e029489-g003.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/7241/10356021/bee37959c63d/JAH3-12-e029489-g002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/7241/10356021/1cf035708c4a/JAH3-12-e029489-g001.jpg

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本文引用的文献

[1]
Prevalence and Prognostic Implications of Discordant Grading and Flow-Gradient Patterns in Moderate Aortic Stenosis.

J Am Coll Cardiol. 2022-8-16

[2]
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Eur Heart J. 2022-2-12

[3]
Benefit of Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement in Patients With Paradoxical Low-Flow Low-Gradient Versus High-Gradient Aortic Stenosis and Preserved Left Ventricular Function.

Circ Cardiovasc Interv. 2021-3

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Prognosis of paradoxical low-flow low-gradient aortic stenosis after transcatheter aortic valve replacement.

J Cardiovasc Med (Hagerstown). 2021-6-1

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Circulation. 2020-5-26

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Meta-Analysis of Outcomes of Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation Among Patients With Low Gradient Severe Aortic Stenosis.

Am J Cardiol. 2019-5-9

[7]
1-Year Survival After TAVR of Patients With Low-Flow, Low-Gradient and High-Gradient Aortic Valve Stenosis in Matched Study Populations.

JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 2019-4-22

[8]
Temporal trends in adoption and outcomes of transcatheter aortic valve implantation: a SwissTAVI Registry analysis.

Eur Heart J Qual Care Clin Outcomes. 2019-7-1

[9]
Predictors of Mortality and Symptomatic Outcome of Patients With Low-Flow Severe Aortic Stenosis Undergoing Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement.

J Am Heart Assoc. 2018-4-13

[10]
Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement in Patients With Low-Flow, Low-Gradient Aortic Stenosis: The TOPAS-TAVI Registry.

J Am Coll Cardiol. 2018-3-27

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