el-Akkad S M, Amer M H, Lin G S, Sabbah R S, Godwin J T
Cancer. 1986 Sep 1;58(5):1172-8. doi: 10.1002/1097-0142(19860901)58:5<1172::aid-cncr2820580533>3.0.co;2-1.
A total of 7251 histologically confirmed new cases of cancer (4117 males and 3134 females) were seen in the 6-year period 1979 to 1984 at the King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The crude relative frequencies of cancer at various primary sites have been determined with reference to sex, age, geographic origin, and year of diagnosis. The most common cancer sites among males were non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, esophagus, lung, liver, stomach, and nasopharynx. Breast cancer was the most common tumor among the females, followed by non-Hodgkin's lymphomas and cancers of the thyroid, esophagus, cervix, and ovary. The most marked deviations were found in the Southern Region for cancers of the oral cavity (2.4 times higher), bladder (1.8 times higher), and lung (4.3 times lower). Known etiologic factors, such as local chewing, smoking habits, and schistosomiasis are likely to be responsible for these differences. Upward trends in cancers of lung, breast, colon and rectum, and the downward trend in esophageal cancer may reflect the rapid pace of modernization.
1979年至1984年的6年间，沙特阿拉伯利雅得的法赫德国王专科医院及研究中心共确诊了7251例组织学确诊的新发癌症病例（男性4117例，女性3134例）。已根据性别、年龄、地理来源和诊断年份确定了各主要部位癌症的粗相对发病率。男性中最常见的癌症部位是非霍奇金淋巴瘤、食管、肺、肝、胃和鼻咽。乳腺癌是女性中最常见的肿瘤，其次是非霍奇金淋巴瘤以及甲状腺、食管、宫颈和卵巢的癌症。在南部地区，口腔癌（高2.4倍）、膀胱癌（高1.8倍）和肺癌（低4.3倍）的差异最为明显。已知的病因因素，如当地咀嚼、吸烟习惯和血吸虫病，可能是造成这些差异的原因。肺癌、乳腺癌、结肠癌和直肠癌的上升趋势以及食管癌的下降趋势可能反映了现代化的快速步伐。
