Hohendorff Jerzy, Czupryniak Leszek, Dzida Grzegorz, Fichna Piotr, Jarosz-Chobot Przemyslawa, Klupa Tomasz, Mysliwiec Malgorzata, Szadkowska Agnieszka, Zozulinska-Ziolkiewicz Dorota A, Malecki Maciej T
Department of Metabolic Diseases, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland.
Department of Diabetology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
Arch Med Sci. 2021 Jul 3;19(3):757-764. doi: 10.5114/aoms/139025. eCollection 2023.
Standard markers of glycaemic control, such as glycated haemoglobin (HbA) and self-measurement of blood glucose (SMBG), have proven insufficient. HbA is an averaged measurement that does not give information about glucose variability. SMBG provides limited, intermittent blood glucose (BG) values over the day and is associated with poor compliance because of the invasiveness of the method and social discomfort. In contrast to glucometers, continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) devices do not require finger-stick blood samples, but instead measure BG via percutaneous or subcutaneous sensors. The immediate benefits of CGM include prevention of hypoglycaemia or hyperglycaemia, and automated analysis of long-term glycaemic data enables reliable treatment adjustments. This review describes the principles of CGM and how CGM data have changed diabetes treatment standards by introducing new glycaemic control parameters. It also compares different CGM devices and examines how the convenience of sharing CGM data in telehealth applies to the current coronavirus-19 pandemic.
血糖控制的标准指标，如糖化血红蛋白（HbA）和自我血糖监测（SMBG），已被证明并不充分。HbA是一种平均测量值，无法提供有关血糖变异性的信息。SMBG只能提供一天中有限的、间歇性的血糖（BG）值，而且由于该方法具有侵入性且会给患者带来社交不适，其依从性较差。与血糖仪不同，连续血糖监测（CGM）设备不需要采集手指血样，而是通过经皮或皮下传感器测量血糖。CGM的直接益处包括预防低血糖或高血糖，并且对长期血糖数据的自动分析能够实现可靠的治疗调整。这篇综述描述了CGM的原理，以及CGM数据如何通过引入新的血糖控制参数改变了糖尿病治疗标准。它还比较了不同的CGM设备，并探讨了在远程医疗中共享CGM数据的便利性如何应用于当前的冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行。
