Genazzani Alessandro D, Genazzani Andrea R
Gynaecological Endocrinology Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
touchREV Endocrinol. 2023 May;19(1):71-77. doi: 10.17925/EE.2023.19.1.71. Epub 2023 May 17.
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a very frequent disease that affects reproductive ability and menstrual regularity. Other than the criteria established at the Rotterdam consensus, in these last few years a new issue, insulin resistance, has been found frequently, and at a very high grade, in patients with PCOS. Insulin resistance occurs for several factors, such as overweight and obesity, but it is now clear that it occurs in patients with PCOS with normal weight, thus supporting the hypothesis that insulin resistance is independent of body weight. Evidence shows that a complex pathophysiological situation occurs that impairs post-receptor insulin signalling, especially in patients with PCOS and familial diabetes. In addition, patients with PCOS have a high incidence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease related to the hyperinsulinaemia. This narrative review focuses on the recent new insights about insulin resistance in patients with PCOS, to better understand the metabolic impairment accounting for most of the clinical signs/symptoms of PCOS.
多囊卵巢综合征（PCOS）是一种非常常见的疾病，会影响生殖能力和月经规律。除了鹿特丹共识确定的标准外，在过去几年中，一个新问题——胰岛素抵抗，在PCOS患者中频繁被发现，且程度很高。胰岛素抵抗由多种因素引起，如超重和肥胖，但现在很清楚的是，它也发生在体重正常的PCOS患者中，从而支持了胰岛素抵抗与体重无关的假说。有证据表明，会出现一种复杂的病理生理状况，损害受体后胰岛素信号传导，尤其是在PCOS和家族性糖尿病患者中。此外，PCOS患者中非酒精性脂肪肝病的发生率较高，与高胰岛素血症有关。这篇叙述性综述聚焦于PCOS患者胰岛素抵抗的最新见解，以更好地理解导致PCOS大多数临床体征/症状的代谢损害。
