Energy Systems Engineering Department, Cyprus International University, Haspolat-Lefkosa, 10, Mersin, Turkey.
Operational Research Centre in Healthcare, Near east university, TRNC Mersin 10, 99138, Nicosia, Turkey.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2023 Jul;30(33):81093-81112. doi: 10.1007/s11356-023-28116-5. Epub 2023 Jun 14.
Energy security in Africa has become a crucial issue in recent times due to the imminent lack of access to electricity, increasing energy demand informed by economic growth, population growth, and forecasts that point to business as usual on the continent based on these variables. While the West African region has abundant energy resources, they have not yet been translated into sustainable energy security, as it pertains to energy availability. This is a persistent challenge that needs to be addressed to support economic growth and social development in the region. Therefore, this study aims to assess the sustainable energy security in five West African countries (Nigeria, Senegal, Ghana, Cote d'Ivoire, and Togo), using nine energy security indicators and taking into cognizance, the energy, economic, social, and environmental security dimensions. The entropy-TOPSIS methodology of multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) is used in estimating the energy security index across 20 years (2000-2019). The result showed that the situation in Cote d'Ivoire is reported to be "safe" in terms of sustainable energy security. It is reported that in Togo, energy security is at a "dangerous" level, which is ultimately tied to the low energy, economic, and societal security in the country. The findings of this study could be valuable for policymakers working on energy and climate policy at the national and regional levels. Based on the results, it may be necessary to take stronger legal action to ensure the implementation of energy security goals in the West African countries, which have struggled to meet their targets and have faced challenges in implementing policies at the desired pace.
近年来，由于即将面临无法获得电力的局面，以及经济增长、人口增长和预测所表明的非洲大陆在这些变量基础上维持现状的情况下，能源需求不断增加，非洲的能源安全已成为一个关键问题。虽然西非地区拥有丰富的能源资源，但尚未将其转化为可持续的能源安全，因为这与能源供应有关。这是一个需要解决的持续挑战，以支持该地区的经济增长和社会发展。因此，本研究旨在使用九个能源安全指标评估五个西非国家（尼日利亚、塞内加尔、加纳、科特迪瓦和多哥）的可持续能源安全，并考虑到能源、经济、社会和环境安全维度。多准则决策（MCDM）的熵-TOPSIS 方法用于在 20 年内（2000-2019 年）估计能源安全指数。结果表明，科特迪瓦的情况报告在可持续能源安全方面是“安全的”。报告称，多哥的能源安全处于“危险”水平，这最终与该国能源、经济和社会安全水平低有关。本研究的结果可能对在国家和地区层面从事能源和气候政策工作的政策制定者具有价值。根据研究结果，可能需要采取更强有力的法律行动，以确保在西非国家实施能源安全目标，这些国家在实现目标方面遇到困难，并在以期望的速度实施政策方面面临挑战。
