Pattinson N R, Chapman B A
Gastroenterology. 1986 Sep;91(3):697-702. doi: 10.1016/0016-5085(86)90641-4.
To further investigate the nonmicelle mode of cholesterol transport in human bile, we examined its levels in relation to fasting and feeding. T-tube bile samples were collected (for 30 min) every 4 h over a 24-h period. All patients (3 with cholesterol gallstones; 1 with pigment stone) had their T tube clamped for a minimum of 4 days before the study to allow the bile acid pool to replete. Biliary lipid concentrations in all patients increased with feeding and decreased with fasting. However, because of a greater decrease in bile acid concentration relative to cholesterol concentration during the fasting period, fasting bile was consistently more saturated than bile obtained while feeding. Associated with the increase in lithogenic index with fasting was a decrease in the micelle solubilized cholesterol and an increase in nonmicelle solubilized cholesterol. At low bile acid concentrations (fasting) most biliary cholesterol is therefore transported as a nonmicelle complex, whereas at high bile acid concentrations (feeding) most of the cholesterol is transported in the mixed micelle. No nucleation of the biliary samples was observed in any of the patients over a 10-day period of observation. Thus the biliary nonmicelle complex (presumably vesicles) has a major cholesterol transport function especially at low bile acid concentrations.
为进一步研究人体胆汁中胆固醇的非胶束转运模式，我们检测了其与禁食和进食相关的水平。在24小时内，每4小时收集一次（持续30分钟）T管胆汁样本。所有患者（3例胆固醇结石患者；1例色素结石患者）在研究前至少4天将T管夹闭，以使胆汁酸池得以补充。所有患者的胆汁脂质浓度随进食增加，随禁食降低。然而，由于禁食期间胆汁酸浓度相对于胆固醇浓度下降幅度更大，禁食胆汁始终比进食时获得的胆汁更易饱和。与禁食时成石指数增加相关的是胶束溶解胆固醇减少，非胶束溶解胆固醇增加。因此，在低胆汁酸浓度（禁食）时，大多数胆汁胆固醇以非胶束复合物形式转运，而在高胆汁酸浓度（进食）时，大多数胆固醇以混合胶束形式转运。在10天的观察期内，未在任何患者中观察到胆汁样本的成核现象。因此，胆汁非胶束复合物（可能是囊泡）具有主要的胆固醇转运功能，尤其是在低胆汁酸浓度时。
