Xu Shuyue, Hu Xiaowei, Wang Jing, Xu Qiangwei, Han Zhijun, Zhou Haiyan, Gao Mingzhu
Wuxi No. 2 People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China.
Xinwu District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuxi, China.
Clin Chim Acta. 2023 Jul 1;547:117443. doi: 10.1016/j.cca.2023.117443. Epub 2023 Jun 15.
Polymyositis (PM) and dermatomyositis (DM) are the two subtypes of idiopathic inflammatory myositis and are characterized as symmetrical progressive muscle weakness in the proximal extremities. PM/DM affect multiple organs and systems, including the cardiovascular, respiratory and digestive tract systems. An in-depth understanding of PM/DM biomarkers will facilitate development of simple and accurate strategies for diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis prediction. This review summarized the classic biomarkers of PM/DM, including anti-aminoacyl tRNA synthetases (ARS) antibody, anti-Mi-2 antibody, anti-melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 (MDA5) antibody, anti-transcription intermediary factor 1-γ (TIF1-γ) antibody, anti-nuclear matrix protein 2 (NXP2) antibody, among others. Among them, anti-aminoacyl tRNA synthetases antibody is the most classic. In addition, many potential novel biomarkers were also discussed in this review, including anti-HSC70 antibody, YKL-40, interferons, myxovirus resistance protein 2, regenerating islet-derived protein 3-α, interleukin (IL)-17, IL-35, microRNA (miR)-1 and so on. Among the biomarkers of PM/DM described in this review, classic biomarkers have become the mainstream biomarkers to assist clinicians in diagnosis due to their early discovery, in-depth research, and widespread application. The novel biomarkers also have potential and broad research prospects, which will make immeasurable contributions to exploring biomarker-based classification standards and expanding their application value.
多发性肌炎（PM）和皮肌炎（DM）是特发性炎性肌病的两种亚型，其特征为近端肢体对称性进行性肌无力。PM/DM会影响多个器官和系统，包括心血管、呼吸和消化道系统。深入了解PM/DM生物标志物将有助于制定简单准确的诊断、治疗和预后预测策略。本综述总结了PM/DM的经典生物标志物，包括抗氨酰tRNA合成酶（ARS）抗体、抗Mi-2抗体、抗黑色素瘤分化相关基因5（MDA5）抗体、抗转录中介因子1-γ（TIF1-γ）抗体、抗核基质蛋白2（NXP2）抗体等。其中，抗氨酰tRNA合成酶抗体最为经典。此外，本综述还讨论了许多潜在的新型生物标志物，包括抗HSC70抗体、YKL-40、干扰素、抗黏液病毒蛋白2、再生胰岛衍生蛋白3-α、白细胞介素（IL）-17、IL-35、微小RNA（miR）-1等。在本综述中描述的PM/DM生物标志物中，经典生物标志物因其发现早、研究深入、应用广泛，已成为协助临床医生诊断的主流生物标志物。新型生物标志物也具有潜在且广阔的研究前景，这将为探索基于生物标志物的分类标准和扩大其应用价值做出不可估量的贡献。
