School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, UK.
School of Human Sciences, London Metropolitan University, London, UK.
J Sports Sci. 2023 Mar;41(5):481-494. doi: 10.1080/02640414.2023.2225014. Epub 2023 Jun 17.
The aim of this scoping review was to evaluate research approaches that quantify changes to non-linear movement dynamics during running in response to fatigue, different speeds, and fitness levels. PubMed and Scopus were used to identify appropriate research articles. After the selection of eligible studies, study details and participant characteristics were extracted and tabulated to identify methodologies and findings. Twenty-seven articles were included in the final analysis. To evaluate non-linearities in the time series, a range of approaches were identified including motion capture, accelerometery, and foot switches. Common methods of analysis included measures of fractal scaling, entropy, and local dynamic stability. Conflicting findings were evident when studies examined non-linear features in fatigued states when compared to non-fatigued. More pronounced alterations to movement dynamics are evident when running speed is changed markedly. Greater fitness levels resulted in more stable and predictable running patterns. The mechanisms by which these changes are underpinned require further examination. These could include the physiological demand of running, biomechanical constraints of the runner, and the attentional demands of the task. Moreover, the practical implications are yet to be elucidated. This review has identified gaps in the literature which should be addressed for further understanding of the field.
本综述的目的是评估在疲劳、不同速度和健康水平下，量化跑步中非线性运动动力学变化的研究方法。使用 PubMed 和 Scopus 来识别合适的研究文章。在选择合格的研究后，提取并制表研究细节和参与者特征，以确定方法和发现。最终分析纳入了 27 篇文章。为了评估时间序列中的非线性，确定了一系列方法，包括运动捕捉、加速度计和脚踏开关。常见的分析方法包括分形标度、熵和局部动态稳定性的测量。当与非疲劳状态相比时，疲劳状态下的研究对非线性特征的检查显示出明显的矛盾发现。当跑步速度明显改变时，运动动力学的变化更为明显。更高的健康水平导致更稳定和可预测的跑步模式。这些变化的潜在机制需要进一步研究。这些可能包括跑步的生理需求、跑步者的生物力学限制和任务的注意力需求。此外，其实际意义尚待阐明。本综述确定了文献中的空白，需要进一步研究以进一步了解该领域。
