Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States; Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States; Medical Scientist Training Program, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States.
Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States; Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States.
Psychiatry Res. 2023 Aug;326:115279. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2023.115279. Epub 2023 May 30.
Although increasing evidence links microbial dysbiosis with the risk for psychiatric symptoms through the microbiome-gut-brain axis (MGBA), the specific mechanisms remain poorly characterized. In a diagnostically heterogeneous group of treated psychiatric cases and nonpsychiatric controls, we characterized the gut and oral microbiome, plasma cytokines, and hippocampal inflammatory processes via proton magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (H-MRSI). Using a transdiagnostic approach, these data were examined in association with schizophrenia-related symptoms measured by the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). Psychiatric cases had significantly greater heterogeneity of gut alpha diversity and an enrichment of pathogenic taxa, like Veillonella and Prevotella, in the oral microbiome, which was an accurate classifier of phenotype. Cases exhibited significantly greater positive, negative, and general PANSS scores that uniquely correlated with bacterial taxa. Strong, positive correlations of bacterial taxa were also found with cytokines and hippocampal gliosis, dysmyelination, and excitatory neurotransmission. This pilot study supports the hypothesis that the MGBA influences psychiatric symptomatology in a transdiagnostic manner. The relative importance of the oral microbiome in peripheral and hippocampal inflammatory pathways was highlighted, suggesting opportunities for probiotics and oral health to diagnose and treat psychiatric conditions.
尽管越来越多的证据表明微生物失调通过微生物群-肠-脑轴（MGBA）与精神症状的风险相关，但具体的机制仍知之甚少。在一组治疗中的精神病例和非精神对照的诊断上具有异质性的群体中，我们通过质子磁共振波谱成像（H-MRSI）来描述肠道和口腔微生物组、血浆细胞因子和海马炎症过程。通过一种跨诊断的方法，这些数据与阳性和阴性综合征量表（PANSS）测量的与精神分裂症相关的症状相关联进行了检查。精神病病例的肠道α多样性具有明显更大的异质性，口腔微生物组中存在致病性分类群（如韦荣球菌属和普雷沃菌属）的富集，这是表型的准确分类器。病例表现出明显更高的阳性、阴性和一般 PANSS 评分，这些评分与细菌分类群具有独特的相关性。还发现细菌分类群与细胞因子和海马神经胶质增生、脱髓鞘和兴奋性神经传递之间存在强烈的正相关。这项初步研究支持了这样一种假设，即 MGBA 以跨诊断的方式影响精神症状。强调了口腔微生物组在周围和海马炎症途径中的相对重要性，这表明益生菌和口腔健康在诊断和治疗精神疾病方面具有潜力。
