China Pharmaceutical Culture Collection, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China.
Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou, PR China.
Environ Res. 2023 Sep 15;233:116437. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116437. Epub 2023 Jun 16.
In the Arctic fjords, the marine mycobiome experiences significant changes under environmental conditions driven by climate change. However, research on the ecological roles and the adaptive mechanisms of marine mycobiome in the Arctic fjord remains insufficiently explored. The present study employed shotgun metagenomics to comprehensively characterize the mycobiome in 24 seawater samples from Kongsfjorden, a High Arctic fjord situated in Svalbard. It revealed the presence of a diverse mycobiome with eight phyla, 34 classes, 71 orders, 152 families, 214 genera, and 293 species. The taxonomic and functional composition of the mycobiome differed significantly among the three layers, i.e., upper layer (depth of 0 m), middle layer (depths of 30-100 m), and lower layer (depths of 150-200 m). Several taxonomic groups (e.g., phylum Ascomycota, class Eurotiomycetes, order Eurotiales, family Aspergillaceae, and genus Aspergillus) and KOs (e.g., K03236/EIF1A, K03306/TC.PIT, K08852/ERN1, and K03119/tauD) were significantly distinct among the three layers. Among the measured environmental parameters, depth, NO, and PO were identified as the key factors influencing the mycobiome composition. Conclusively, our findings revealed that the mycobiome was diverse in the Arctic seawater and significantly impacted by the variability of environmental conditions in the High Arctic fjord. These results will assist future studies in exploring the ecological and adaptive responses towards the changes within the Arctic ecosystems.
在北极峡湾中，海洋真菌组经历了由气候变化驱动的环境条件下的重大变化。然而，对于北极峡湾海洋真菌组的生态角色和适应机制的研究还不够充分。本研究采用高通量宏基因组学方法，全面描绘了来自斯瓦尔巴德高北极峡湾 Kongsfjorden 的 24 个海水样本中的真菌组。结果显示，存在一个具有 8 个门、34 个纲、71 个目、152 个科、214 个属和 293 个种的多样化真菌组。真菌组的分类和功能组成在三个层次（上层（0 m 深度）、中层（30-100 m 深度）和下层（150-200 m 深度））之间存在显著差异。一些分类群（例如门子囊菌门、纲散囊菌纲、目散囊菌目、科曲霉菌科和属曲霉菌属）和 KO （例如 K03236/EIF1A、K03306/TC.PIT、K08852/ERN1 和 K03119/tauD）在三个层次之间存在显著差异。在测量的环境参数中，深度、NO 和 PO 被确定为影响真菌组组成的关键因素。总之，我们的研究结果表明，北极海水中的真菌组具有多样性，并且受到高北极峡湾环境条件变化的显著影响。这些结果将有助于未来的研究探索北极生态系统变化下的生态和适应响应。
