Department of Otolaryngology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Department of Otolaryngology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Otolaryngology, University of Massachusetts Memorial Health Center, Worcester, MA, USA.
Rheum Dis Clin North Am. 2023 Aug;49(3):633-645. doi: 10.1016/j.rdc.2023.03.012. Epub 2023 Apr 15.
Auricular, nasal, and laryngeal manifestations occur frequently in rheumatic diseases. Inflammatory ear, nose, and throat (ENT) processes often result in organ damage and have profound effects on quality of life. Herein, we review the otologic, nasal, and laryngeal involvement of rheumatic diseases, focusing on their clinical presentation and diagnosis. ENT manifestations generally respond to treatment of the systemic disease, which is outside the scope of this review; however, adjunctive topical and surgical treatment approaches, as well as treatment of idiopathic inflammatory ENT manifestations will be reviewed.
耳部、鼻部和喉部表现常出现在风湿性疾病中。炎症性耳、鼻、喉（ENT）疾病通常导致器官损伤，并对生活质量产生深远影响。在此，我们综述了风湿性疾病的耳科学、鼻部和喉部受累，重点介绍了其临床表现和诊断。ENT 表现通常对系统性疾病的治疗有反应，这超出了本综述的范围；然而，我们将回顾辅助的局部和手术治疗方法，以及特发性炎症性 ENT 表现的治疗。
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