女性还是男性的生育动机？哪一个决定孩子数量？（一项比较研究）
Female or Male Fertility Motivation? Which One Determines the Number of Children? (A Comparative Study).
作者信息
Rajati Reihane, Khadivzade Talat, Esmaeili Habibollah, Danesh Fereshte
机构信息
MSc Student of Counseling in Midwifery, Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad University Medical of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
出版信息
Iran J Nurs Midwifery Res. 2023 Apr 14;28(2):144-149. doi: 10.4103/ijnmr.ijnmr_189_21. eCollection 2023 Mar-Apr.
BACKGROUND
In the last three decades, childbearing in Iran has decreased more than many countries in the world. The aim of this study was to explore the fertility motivation of Working women and their husbands and discover which one determines the number of children.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
This correlational study was conducted on 540 employed, married women and their husbands (270 couples) living in Mashhad, Iran, during 2017-2018. The participants were selected through multistage cluster sampling. Then, a random number table was used. Subsequently, questionnaires were distributed and completed at home, and collected after 24 h. Data were collected using a demographic characteristics form and the Childbearing Questionnaire (CBQ).
RESULTS
The mean(SD) positive motivation scores of men and women differed significantly [92.77 (13.04) Vs. 92.22 (13.51) df = 4; = 0.001;]. The mean (SD) negative motivation scores of men and women also differed significantly 55.42 (10.94) Vs. 56.78 (10.57) df = 4; = 0.001;].
CONCLUSIONS
According to the scores obtained for the positive and negative fertility motivations of working women and their husbands, women were more in favor of having children and had an ambivalent motivation to bear children. Moreover, the working women's spouses were more indifferent to fertility. The results of this study can help reproductive health policymakers in childbearing.
背景
在过去三十年里，伊朗的生育率下降幅度超过世界上许多国家。本研究的目的是探讨职业女性及其丈夫的生育动机，并找出决定子女数量的因素。
材料与方法
本相关性研究于2017 - 2018年对居住在伊朗马什哈德的540名在职已婚女性及其丈夫（270对夫妇）进行。参与者通过多阶段整群抽样选取。然后，使用随机数表。随后，问卷在家中发放并填写，24小时后收回。数据收集采用人口统计学特征表和生育问卷（CBQ）。
结果
男性和女性的平均（标准差）积极动机得分存在显著差异[92.77（13.04）对92.22（13.51），自由度 = 4；P = 0.001]。男性和女性的平均（标准差）消极动机得分也存在显著差异[55.42（10.94）对56.78（10.57），自由度 = 4；P = 0.001]。
结论
根据职业女性及其丈夫的生育积极和消极动机得分，女性更倾向于生育且生育动机矛盾。此外，职业女性的配偶对生育更为冷漠。本研究结果有助于生育方面的生殖健康政策制定者。
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