Flynn Matthew, Lyall Zinnia, Shepherd Gwendolyn, Lee Osher Ngo Yung, Marianna Da Fonseca Ioannou, Dong Yijia, Chalmers Stuart, Hare Jamie, Thomson Jack, Millar Freya
University of Edinburgh, Medical School, College of medicine and vetinary medicine, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinrburgh EH16 4TJ, United Kingdom.
Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde 1345 Govan Rd, Glasgow G51 4TF, United Kingdom.
FEMS Microbes. 2022 Aug 4;3:xtac020. doi: 10.1093/femsmc/xtac020. eCollection 2022.
Emerging evidence suggests that the nasal microbiome may influence host susceptibility to initial development and severity of respiratory viral infections. While not as extensively studied as the microbiota of the alimentary tract, it is now clearly established that the microbial composition of this niche is influenced by medical, social and pharmacological influences, predisposing some sub-populations to respiratory infections. The resulting specific microbial profiles may explain variance in susceptibility to viral infection. This review summaries the evolution and constituents of the commensal nasal microbiome; the bacterial-virus, bacterial-host and interbacterial interactions which potentiate disease; and considers the effects of interventions such as vaccination and probiotics.
新出现的证据表明，鼻腔微生物群可能会影响宿主对呼吸道病毒感染初始发生和严重程度的易感性。虽然鼻腔微生物群不像消化道微生物群那样得到广泛研究，但现在已经明确，这个生态位的微生物组成会受到医学、社会和药理学因素的影响，使一些亚人群易患呼吸道感染。由此产生的特定微生物谱可能解释了对病毒感染易感性的差异。这篇综述总结了共生鼻腔微生物群的演变和组成；加剧疾病的细菌-病毒、细菌-宿主和细菌间相互作用；并探讨了疫苗接种和益生菌等干预措施的效果。
