Karim Abdul, Agus Agus, Nurnilasari Nunung, Widiantari Dian, Fikriyah Fikriyah, Rosadah Ros Awaliyah, Syarifudin Aip, Triono Wahyu, Lesmi Kirana, Nurkholis Nurkholis
Department of Leadership & Islamic Educational Management, Universitas Muhammadiyah Cirebon, Indonesia.
Department of Management, Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Cirebon, Indonesia.
Heliyon. 2023 Jun 1;9(6):e16834. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16834. eCollection 2023 Jun.
Articles on managerial leadership (ML) have been published from year to year, since 1950s. The use of ML theory in previous research is common, but some inconsistencies are found regarding the terms commonly used. In other words, there is a mismatch between the use of the term ML in article paper and structures. This will certainly have an impact on bias and ambiguity for future research literatures.
Theoretical review on this topic is rarely carried out, specifically in ML theory. The novelty of this research lies in the classification results of articles that used the term ML in accordance with the theory.
This theoretical review was conducted to examine the classification of accuracy of articles which were using the term ML in title with four consistency and accuracy indicators on the article structures starting from the problem, aim, literature, results and discussion, as well as conclusion sections.
This review as a qualitative literature research used a language and historical approach, as well as a ML theory. This study Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. The technique and instrument used was bibliographic instruments, comprehensive list of keywords and mixed search terms to search the articles online with the help of Google Chrome and Mozilla Firefox browsers. A total of 68 articles published from 1959 to 2022 as a final reviewed. They were obtained from several well-known digital journal content such as Jstor, Proquest, Oxford University Press, Google Scholar, and National Library, as well as various journals under major publishers such as Elsevier, Taylor & Francis, SAGE, Emerald, Brill, and Wiley. The data collected were analyzed using content analysis with 4 indicators of consistent (accurate & additional) and inconsistent (difference & additional), and 4 accuracy category of accuracy, appropriate, bias, and error for determaining the articles classification, and validated them by using triangulation and grounded theory.
The results showed that in 1959 the first article appeared using the word ML, in 2012 the first and only article appeared that only used ML, and the last is in 2022. Then, the consistency of the title with other article sections is 17 articles (25% of 68) according to the accurate term indicator. Last, the accuracy of articles was divided into four categories: 10 articles (15% of 68) in the accuracy category.
This systematic review contributes the article classification that can become a more established scientific roadmap of references and reasoning of studying ML.
自20世纪50年代以来，关于管理领导力（ML）的文章逐年发表。在以往的研究中，ML理论的应用很常见，但在常用术语方面存在一些不一致之处。换句话说，文章中ML术语的使用与结构之间存在不匹配。这肯定会对未来研究文献的偏差和模糊性产生影响。
很少对这一主题进行理论综述，特别是在ML理论方面。本研究的新颖之处在于根据理论对使用ML术语的文章进行分类的结果。
本理论综述旨在从问题、目的、文献、结果与讨论以及结论部分等文章结构方面，用四个一致性和准确性指标来检验标题中使用ML术语的文章的分类准确性。
本综述作为一项定性文献研究，采用了语言和历史方法以及ML理论。本研究遵循系统评价和Meta分析的首选报告项目（PRISMA）声明。所使用的技术和工具是书目工具、综合关键词列表和混合搜索词，借助谷歌浏览器和火狐浏览器在线搜索文章。总共68篇发表于1959年至2022年的文章作为最终评审对象。它们来自几个知名数字期刊内容，如Jstor、Proquest、牛津大学出版社、谷歌学术和国家图书馆，以及爱思唯尔、泰勒与弗朗西斯、SAGE、Emerald、Brill和Wiley等主要出版商旗下的各种期刊。收集到的数据使用内容分析法进行分析，有4个一致性（准确和额外）和不一致（差异和额外）指标，以及4个准确性类别，即准确、恰当、偏差和错误，用于确定文章分类，并通过三角验证和扎根理论进行验证。
结果显示，1959年出现了第一篇使用ML一词的文章，2012年出现了第一篇也是唯一一篇仅使用ML的文章，最后一篇是在2022年。然后，根据准确术语指标，标题与文章其他部分的一致性为17篇文章（占68篇的25%）。最后，文章的准确性分为四类：准确类别中有10篇文章（占68篇的15%）。
本系统综述为文章分类做出了贡献，这可以成为研究ML的更完善的科学参考路线图和推理依据。
