Gong Zheng, Yang Yan, Liu Zegang
Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University, Kunming, China.
Department of General Surgery, 920th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, PLA, Kunming, China.
Open Life Sci. 2023 Jun 14;18(1):20220628. doi: 10.1515/biol-2022-0628. eCollection 2023.
Ectopic thyroid tissue is a rare condition manifested as the appearance of thyroid tissue outside the thyroid gland. Here, we report a case of ectopic thyroid tissue in the breast. A 48-year-old Chinese woman who was diagnosed with breast cancer received modified radical mastectomy. A thyroid tissue was found on subsequent pathological examination. The ectopic thyroid tissue was confirmed by immunohistochemistry staining of thyroid biomarkers, including thyroglobulin, thyroid transcription factor-1, and thyroid peroxidase. Currently, abnormal thyroid anlage descent is the main theory to explain ectopic thyroid tissue, especially lingual thyroid. However, it is far-fetched to explain the pathogenesis of ectopic thyroid tissues existed in organs or tissues far from thyroid such as iris, cardiac, pulmonary, duodenal, adrenal, and vertebral. Here, we reviewed the previous cases of ectopic thyroid tissue in breast and proposed a "entoderm migration" theory to explain distant ectopic thyroid tissues based on embryonic development perspective.
异位甲状腺组织是一种罕见的病症，表现为甲状腺组织出现在甲状腺腺体外。在此，我们报告一例乳腺中的异位甲状腺组织病例。一名48岁被诊断为乳腺癌的中国女性接受了改良根治性乳房切除术。随后的病理检查发现了甲状腺组织。通过甲状腺生物标志物（包括甲状腺球蛋白、甲状腺转录因子-1和甲状腺过氧化物酶）的免疫组织化学染色证实了异位甲状腺组织。目前，甲状腺原基异常下降是解释异位甲状腺组织，尤其是舌甲状腺的主要理论。然而，要解释存在于远离甲状腺的器官或组织（如虹膜、心脏、肺、十二指肠、肾上腺和椎骨）中的异位甲状腺组织的发病机制则牵强附会。在此，我们回顾了既往乳腺异位甲状腺组织的病例，并从胚胎发育角度提出了“内胚层迁移”理论来解释远处异位甲状腺组织。
