Berryhill Blake, Carlson Catherine, Hopson Laura, Culmer Nathan, Williams Nelle
Human Development and Family Studies, The University of Alabama.
School of Social Work, The University of Alabama.
Rural Ment Health. 2022 Jan;46(1):13-27. doi: 10.1037/rmh0000183. Epub 2021 May 13.
Depression and anxiety are the most common mental illnesses in adolescents. Rural schools are well-positioned to narrow the access gap confronting rural adolescents experiencing depression and anxiety; however, there is a paucity of research on the treatment of depression and anxiety in rural high schools. This critical review summarized the state of the field on rural school-based interventions to reduce adolescent depression and anxiety. Literature searches were conducted using PubMed, PsychINFO, EMBASE, ERIC, and CINAHL databases. Inclusion criteria identified peer-reviewed articles evaluating rural high-school based interventions for the treatment of depression and/or anxiety. Of the 322 articles screened, 82 articles were reviewed, with four articles satisfying inclusion criteria. All studies examined a group- or classroom-based program to reduce depression. Three studies reported either significant pre- to post-intervention improvements or clinical change in depressive symptoms or coping skills; one study found null effects. While promising, there is an on-going need for additional rigorous investigations on rural high-school based interventions for the treatment of depression and anxiety among teens.
抑郁和焦虑是青少年中最常见的精神疾病。农村学校在缩小农村青少年面临抑郁和焦虑时所遇到的就医差距方面具有优势；然而，针对农村高中学生抑郁和焦虑治疗的研究却很匮乏。这篇批判性综述总结了农村学校为减少青少年抑郁和焦虑所开展干预措施的研究现状。通过使用PubMed、PsychINFO、EMBASE、ERIC和CINAHL数据库进行文献检索。纳入标准为经过同行评审的文章，这些文章评估了基于农村高中的抑郁和/或焦虑治疗干预措施。在筛选的322篇文章中，有82篇文章被评审，其中4篇文章符合纳入标准。所有研究都考察了基于小组或课堂的减少抑郁的项目。三项研究报告了干预前后抑郁症状或应对技能有显著改善或临床变化；一项研究未发现效果。虽然前景乐观，但仍需要对基于农村高中的青少年抑郁和焦虑治疗干预措施进行更多严格的调查。
