Cheng Guo, Chang Jin, Gong Hui, Zhou Wei
Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
Research Unit of Multimodal Cross Scale Neural Signal Detection and Imaging, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, HUST-Suzhou Institute for Brainsmatics, JITRI, Suzhou, China.
Front Mol Neurosci. 2023 Jun 2;16:1206219. doi: 10.3389/fnmol.2023.1206219. eCollection 2023.
GM130 is a matrix protein that is conserved in metazoans and involved in the architecture of the Golgi apparatus. In neurons, Golgi apparatus and dendritic Golgi outposts (GOs) have different compartmental organizations, and GM130 localization is present in both, indicating that GM130 has a unique Golgi-targeting mechanism. Here, we investigated the Golgi-targeting mechanism of the GM130 homologue, dGM130, using imaging of dendritic arborization (da) neurons. The results showed that two independent Golgi-targeting domains (GTDs) with different Golgi localization characteristics in dGM130, together determined the precise localization of dGM130 in both the soma and dendrites. GTD1, covering the first coiled-coil region, preferentially targeted to somal Golgi rather than GOs; whereas GTD2, containing the second coiled-coil region and C-terminus, dynamically targeted to Golgi in both soma and dendrites. These findings suggest that there are two distinct mechanisms by which dGM130 targets to the Golgi apparatus and GOs, underlying the structural differences between them, and further provides new insights into the formation of neuronal polarity.
GM130是一种在后生动物中保守的基质蛋白，参与高尔基体的结构组成。在神经元中，高尔基体和树突状高尔基体驻点（GOs）具有不同的区室组织，GM130定位在两者中均有出现，这表明GM130具有独特的高尔基体靶向机制。在这里，我们利用树突状分支（da）神经元成像研究了GM130同源物dGM130的高尔基体靶向机制。结果表明，dGM130中两个具有不同高尔基体定位特征的独立高尔基体靶向结构域（GTDs）共同决定了dGM130在胞体和树突中的精确定位。覆盖第一个卷曲螺旋区域的GTD1优先靶向胞体高尔基体而非GOs；而包含第二个卷曲螺旋区域和C末端的GTD2则动态靶向胞体和树突中的高尔基体。这些发现表明，dGM130靶向高尔基体和GOs有两种不同的机制，这是它们之间结构差异的基础，并进一步为神经元极性的形成提供了新的见解。
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