Alanazi Muteb, Alqahtani Hassan Mohammed, Alshammari Mohammad Khalid, Alshammari Raad Mohammed, Malik Jonaid Ahmad, Ahmed Sakeel, Aroosa Mir, Shinde Mrunal, Alharby Tareq Nafea, Ansari Mukhtar, Hussain Arshad, Alkhrshawy Fahad F, Anwar Sirajudheen
Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Guwahati, India.
Infect Drug Resist. 2023 Jun 13;16:3719-3728. doi: 10.2147/IDR.S413295. eCollection 2023.
Identifying the burden of disease and the condition of the Saudi population is in high demand from both a surveillance and analytical standpoint. The objective of this study was to determine the most prevalent infections among hospitalized patients (both community-acquired and hospital-acquired), the antibiotics prescribing pattern, and their relationship with patient characteristics like age and gender.
A retrospective study was conducted comprising 2646 patients with infectious diseases or complications admitted to a tertiary hospital in the Hail region of Saudi Arabia. A standardized form was used to collect information from patient's medical records. Demographic data such as age, gender, prescribed antibiotics, and culture-sensitivity tests were included in the study.
Males represented about two-thirds (66.5%, n = 1760) of the patients. Most patients (45.9%) who suffered from infectious diseases were between the ages of 20 and 39. The most prevalent infectious ailment was respiratory tract infection (17.65%, n = 467). Furthermore, the most common multiple infectious diseases were gallbladder calculi with cholecystitis (40.3%, n = 69). Similarly, COVID-19 had the greatest impact on people over 60. Beta-lactam antibiotics were the most commonly prescribed (37.6%), followed by fluoroquinolones (26.26%) and macrolides (13.45%). But performing culture sensitivity tests were rather uncommon (3.8%, n = 101). For multiple infections, beta-lactam antibiotics (such as amoxicillin and cefuroxime) were the most commonly prescribed antibiotics (2.26%, n = 60), followed by macrolides (such as azithromycin and Clindamycin) and fluoroquinolones (eg, ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin).
Respiratory tract infections are the most prevalent infectious disease among hospital patients, who are primarily in their 20s. The frequency of performing culture tests is low. Therefore, it is important to promote culture sensitivity testing in order to support the prudent use of antibiotics. Guidelines for anti-microbial stewardship programs are also highly recommended.
从监测和分析的角度来看，确定沙特人群的疾病负担和健康状况的需求很高。本研究的目的是确定住院患者（包括社区获得性和医院获得性）中最常见的感染、抗生素处方模式，以及它们与年龄和性别等患者特征的关系。
进行了一项回顾性研究，纳入了沙特阿拉伯海勒地区一家三级医院收治的2646例患有传染病或并发症的患者。使用标准化表格从患者的病历中收集信息。研究包括年龄、性别、处方抗生素和培养敏感性试验等人口统计学数据。
男性约占患者总数的三分之二（66.5%，n = 1760）。大多数患有传染病的患者（45.9%）年龄在20至39岁之间。最常见的传染病是呼吸道感染（17.65%，n = 467）。此外，最常见的多种传染病是胆囊结石伴胆囊炎（40.3%，n = 69）。同样，COVID-19对60岁以上人群的影响最大。β-内酰胺类抗生素是最常用的处方抗生素（37.6%），其次是氟喹诺酮类（26.26%）和大环内酯类（13.45%）。但进行培养敏感性试验的情况相当少见（3.8%，n = 101）。对于多种感染，β-内酰胺类抗生素（如阿莫西林和头孢呋辛）是最常用的处方抗生素（2.26%，n = 60），其次是大环内酯类（如阿奇霉素和克林霉素）和氟喹诺酮类（如环丙沙星和左氧氟沙星）。
呼吸道感染是住院患者中最常见的传染病，主要是20多岁的患者。培养试验的频率较低。因此，促进培养敏感性试验以支持谨慎使用抗生素很重要。还强烈推荐抗菌药物管理计划指南。
