Madley-Dowd Paul, Thomas Richard, Boyd Andy, Zammit Stanley, Heron Jon, Rai Dheeraj
Centre for Academic Mental Health, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK.
Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK.
Wellcome Open Res. 2023 Jan 11;7:172. doi: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.17803.2. eCollection 2022.
Intellectual disability (ID) describes a neurodevelopmental condition involving impaired cognitive and functional ability. Here, we describe a multisource variable of ID using data from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC). The multisource indicator variable for ID was derived from i) IQ scores less than 70 measured at age 8 and at age 15, ii) free text fields from parent reported questionnaires, iii) school reported provision of educational services for individuals with a statement of special educational needs for cognitive impairments, iv) from relevant READ codes contained in GP records, iv) international classification of disease diagnoses contained in electronic hospital records and hospital episode statistics and v) recorded interactions with mental health services for ID contained within the mental health services data set. A case of ID was identified if two or more sources indicated ID. A second indicator, labelled as "probable ID", was created by relaxing the cut off in IQ scores to be less than 85. An indicator variable for known causes of ID was also created to aid in aetiological studies where ID with a known cause may need to be excluded. 158 of 14,370 participants (1.10%) were indicated as having ID by two or more sources and 449 (3.12%) were indicated as having probable ID when the criteria for IQ scores was relaxed to less than 85. There were 476 participants (3.31%) with 1 or fewer sources of available information on ID; these participants had their multisource variable set to missing. The number of cases of ID with known cause was 31 (0.22% of the cohort, 19.6% of those with ID). : The multisource variable of ID can be used in future analyses on ID in ALSPAC children.
智力残疾（ID）描述的是一种涉及认知和功能能力受损的神经发育状况。在此，我们利用阿冯父母与儿童纵向研究（ALSPAC）的数据描述了一种智力残疾的多源变量。智力残疾的多源指标变量源自以下方面：i）8岁和15岁时测得的智商分数低于70；ii）父母报告问卷中的自由文本字段；iii）学校报告的为有认知障碍特殊教育需求声明的个人提供的教育服务；iv）全科医生记录中包含的相关READ编码；iv）电子医院记录和医院就诊统计中包含的国际疾病分类诊断；v）心理健康服务数据集中记录的与智力残疾心理健康服务的互动。如果两个或更多来源表明存在智力残疾，则确定为智力残疾病例。通过将智商分数的临界值放宽至低于85，创建了第二个指标，标记为“可能的智力残疾”。还创建了一个智力残疾已知病因的指标变量，以辅助病因学研究，在该研究中可能需要排除已知病因的智力残疾。在14370名参与者中，有158名（1.10%）被两个或更多来源表明患有智力残疾，当智商分数标准放宽至低于85时，有449名（3.12%）被表明可能患有智力残疾。有476名参与者（3.31%）关于智力残疾的可用信息来源为1个或更少；这些参与者的多源变量被设置为缺失值。已知病因的智力残疾病例数为31例（占队列的0.22%，占智力残疾者的19.6%）。智力残疾的多源变量可用于未来对ALSPAC儿童智力残疾的分析。
