McLeod Shreya, Tucker Ross, Edwards Suzi, Jones Ben, Page Georgia, Spiegelhalter Mily, West Stephen W, Iverson Grant L, Gardner Andrew J
School of Medicine and Public Health, College of Health, Medicine, & Wellbeing, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.
Discipline of Physiotherapy, School of Allied Health, Australian Catholic University, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Front Sports Act Living. 2023 Jun 2;5:1080356. doi: 10.3389/fspor.2023.1080356. eCollection 2023.
The tackle is the most injurious event in rugby league and carries the greatest risk of concussion. This study aims to replicate previous research conducted in professional men's rugby league by examining the association between selected tackle characteristics and head impact events (HIEs) in women's professional rugby league.
We reviewed and coded 83 tackles resulting in an HIE and every tackle (6,318 tackles) that did not result in an HIE for three seasons (2018-2020) of the National Rugby League Women's (NRLW) competition. Tackle height, body position of the tackler and ball carrier, as well as the location of head contact with the other player's body were evaluated. Propensity of each situation that caused an HIE was calculated as HIEs per 1,000 tackles.
The propensity for tacklers to sustain an HIE was 6.60 per 1,000 tackles (95% CI: 4.87-8.92), similar to that of the ball carrier (6.13 per 1,000 tackles, 95% CI: 4.48-8.38). The greatest risk of an HIE to either the tackler or ball carrier occurred when head proximity was above the sternum (21.66 per 1,000 tackles, 95% CI: 16.55-28.35). HIEs were most common following impacts between two heads (287.23 HIEs per 1,000 tackles, 95% CI: 196.98-418.84). The lowest propensity for both tackler (2.65 per 1,000 tackles, 95% CI: 0.85-8.20) and ball carrier HIEs (1.77 per 1,000 tackles, 95% CI: 0.44-7.06) occurred when the head was in proximity to the opponent's shoulder and arm. No body position (upright, bent or unbalanced/off feet) was associated with an increased propensity of HIE to either tackler or ball carrier.
In the NRLW competition, tacklers and ball carriers have a similar risk of sustaining an HIE during a tackle, differing from men's NRL players, where tacklers have a higher risk of HIEs. Further studies involving larger samples need to validate these findings. However, our results indicate that injury prevention initiatives in women's rugby league should focus on how the ball carrier engages in contact during the tackle as well as how the tackler executes the tackle.
擒抱是英式橄榄球联盟中最具伤害性的动作，导致脑震荡的风险也最高。本研究旨在通过研究女子职业英式橄榄球联盟中选定的擒抱特征与头部撞击事件（HIEs）之间的关联，复制此前在男子职业英式橄榄球联盟中进行的研究。
我们回顾并编码了导致HIE的83次擒抱以及全国橄榄球联盟女子（NRLW）比赛三个赛季（2018 - 2020年）中未导致HIE的每一次擒抱（共6318次擒抱）。评估了擒抱高度、擒抱者和持球者的身体姿势，以及头部与对方球员身体接触的位置。将导致HIE的每种情况的发生率计算为每1000次擒抱中的HIE次数。
擒抱者发生HIE的发生率为每1000次擒抱6.60次（95%置信区间：4.87 - 8.92），与持球者相似（每1000次擒抱6.13次，95%置信区间：4.48 - 8.38）。当头部靠近胸骨上方时，擒抱者或持球者发生HIE的风险最高（每1000次擒抱21.66次，95%置信区间：16.55 - 28.35）。HIE在两个头部碰撞后最为常见（每1000次擒抱287.23次HIE，95%置信区间：196.98 - 418.84）。当头部靠近对手的肩部和手臂时（擒抱者每1000次擒抱2.65次，95%置信区间：0.85 - 8.20；持球者每1000次擒抱1.77次，95%置信区间：0.44 - 7.06），擒抱者和持球者发生HIE的发生率最低。没有任何身体姿势（直立、弯曲或不平衡/离地）与擒抱者或持球者发生HIE的发生率增加相关。
在NRLW比赛中，擒抱者和持球者在擒抱过程中发生HIE的风险相似，这与男子NRL球员不同，在男子比赛中擒抱者发生HIE的风险更高。需要进一步的大样本研究来验证这些发现。然而，我们的结果表明，女子英式橄榄球联盟的 injury prevention initiatives应关注持球者在擒抱过程中如何进行接触以及擒抱者如何执行擒抱动作。 （注：原文中“injury prevention initiatives”未翻译完整，可能是“伤害预防措施”之类的意思，需根据完整语境确定准确含义）
