Federal Medical Center, Owerri, Nigeria.
van Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, Ternopil, Ukraine.
Medicine (Baltimore). 2023 Jun 9;102(23):e33984. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000033984.
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a prevalent and progressive condition affecting millions worldwide. It is a long-term condition characterized by gradual loss of kidney function over time. The management of CKD is complex and requires a multidisciplinary approach. This review aims to outline the current management guidelines for CKD. The study included a comprehensive search of various PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library databases for articles published between 2010 and 2023. The search terms used were "chronic kidney disease," "management," and "guidelines." The inclusion criteria were articles that provided management guidelines for patients with CKD. A total of 23 articles were included in the review. Most articles were based on the Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes guidelines, the most widely recognized and used guidelines for managing CKD. The study found that the guidelines emphasize the importance of early detection and management of CKD and the need for an approach that involves multiple disciplines in its management. The guidelines recommend several interventions to slow the progression of CKD, including blood pressure control, glycemic control in diabetic patients, and reduce proteinuria. Other interventions include lifestyle modifications such as dietary changes, physical activity, and smoking cessation. The guidelines also recommend regular monitoring of kidney function and referral to a nephrologist for patients with advanced CKD or other complications. Overall, the current management guidelines for CKD emphasize the importance of early detection and a multidisciplinary approach to its management.
慢性肾脏病（CKD）是一种在全球范围内影响数百万人的普遍且进行性疾病。它是一种长期疾病，其特征是肾功能随时间逐渐丧失。CKD 的管理非常复杂，需要多学科的方法。本综述旨在概述 CKD 的当前管理指南。研究包括对 2010 年至 2023 年期间发表的各种 PubMed、Embase 和 Cochrane 图书馆数据库的文章进行全面搜索。使用的搜索词是“慢性肾脏病”、“管理”和“指南”。纳入标准是为 CKD 患者提供管理指南的文章。共有 23 篇文章被纳入综述。大多数文章基于肾脏病改善全球结局组织（KDIGO）指南，该指南是管理 CKD 最广泛认可和使用的指南。研究发现，指南强调了早期发现和管理 CKD 的重要性，以及在管理中需要多学科参与的方法。指南建议采取几种干预措施来减缓 CKD 的进展，包括控制血压、控制糖尿病患者的血糖水平和减少蛋白尿。其他干预措施包括生活方式的改变，如饮食变化、体育活动和戒烟。指南还建议对肾功能进行定期监测，并在 CKD 进展或出现其他并发症时转介给肾病专家。总的来说，CKD 的当前管理指南强调了早期发现和多学科管理的重要性。
