Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri-St. Louis, USA.
Department of Psychology, The University of Memphis, USA.
J Pediatr Psychol. 2023 Jul 5;48(6):514-522. doi: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsad030.
Black youth with high body weights [BYHW; Body Mass Index (BMI)≥95th percentile] endure unique stressors (e.g., exposure to discrimination due to race and size) that may contribute to psychopathology. Factors that decrease mental health problems associated with these stressors have been underexamined in BYHW. The current study assessed how multisystemic resilience, weight-related quality of life (QOL), and discrimination were associated with post-traumatic stress problems in BYHW from the perspective of youth and their caregivers.
A total of 93 BYHW and one of their primary caregivers were recruited from a Midsouth children's hospital. Youth ranged in age from 11 to 17 years (Mage=13.94, SD = 1.89), were mostly girls (61.3%), and had CDC-defined BMI scores above the 95th percentile. Nearly all caregivers were mothers (91.4%; Mage=41.73 years, SD = 8.08). Youth and their caregivers completed measures of resilience, discrimination, weight-related QOL, and post-traumatic stress problems.
Utilizing linear regression modeling, the youth model was significant [F(3, 89)=31.63, p<.001, Adj. R2=.50], with higher resilience (β=-.23; p=.01) and lower discrimination (β=.52; p<.001) associated with fewer post-traumatic stress problems. The caregiver regression model was also significant [F(2, 90)=10.45, p<.001, Adj. R2=.17], with higher weight-related QOL associated with lower post-traumatic stress problems (β=-.37; p<.001).
Findings illustrate differences in youth and caregiver perceptions of factors related to post-traumatic stress problems in BYHW. Youth emphasized both internal and external contributors to stress, while caregivers focused on internal variables. Such knowledge could be harnessed to develop strengths-based interventions that address health and well-being among BYHW.
体重较高的黑人青年（BYHW；身体质量指数（BMI）≥第 95 百分位数）承受着独特的压力源（例如，因种族和体型而遭受歧视），这些压力源可能导致精神病理学。在 BYHW 中，与这些压力源相关的心理健康问题的减少因素尚未得到充分研究。本研究从青少年及其照顾者的角度评估了多系统弹性、与体重相关的生活质量（QOL）和歧视与 BYHW 创伤后应激问题之间的关系。
共从一家中南部儿童医院招募了 93 名 BYHW 和他们的一名主要照顾者。青少年的年龄在 11 至 17 岁之间（Mage=13.94，SD=1.89），大多数是女孩（61.3%），CDC 定义的 BMI 分数高于第 95 百分位数。几乎所有的照顾者都是母亲（91.4%；Mage=41.73 岁，SD=8.08 岁）。青少年及其照顾者完成了弹性、歧视、与体重相关的 QOL 和创伤后应激问题的测量。
利用线性回归模型，青少年模型具有统计学意义[F（3,89）=31.63，p<.001，调整后的 R2=.50]，较高的弹性（β=-.23；p=.01）和较低的歧视（β=.52；p<.001）与较少的创伤后应激问题相关。照顾者回归模型也具有统计学意义[F（2,90）=10.45，p<.001，调整后的 R2=.17]，较高的与体重相关的 QOL 与较低的创伤后应激问题相关（β=-.37；p<.001）。
研究结果说明了青少年和照顾者对与 BYHW 创伤后应激问题相关因素的看法存在差异。青少年强调了压力的内部和外部因素，而照顾者则关注内部变量。这种知识可以被利用来制定基于优势的干预措施，以解决 BYHW 的健康和福祉问题。
