Department of Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
J Asthma. 2022 Jun;59(6):1131-1138. doi: 10.1080/02770903.2021.1914650. Epub 2021 Apr 22.
Youth with poorly-controlled asthma are at increased risk for sleep disturbances caused by nocturnal symptoms like coughing. Asthma-related sleep disturbances can have downstream consequences for youth with asthma and their families. This study aims to describe (1) sleep disturbances in adolescents with poorly-controlled asthma and their caregivers and (2) the relationship between sleep and asthma management.
Adolescents with poorly-controlled asthma and their caregivers completed the Family Asthma Management System Scale (FAMSS), a semi-structured interview that assesses youth asthma management within the family context. Interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed. Two authors coded each transcript for sleep-related data in NVivo using descriptive content analysis.
Thirty-three adolescents ages 12-15 years old ( = 13.2, = 1.2) with poorly-controlled asthma and their caregivers participated in this study. Four main themes emerged: sleep difficulties, sleep environment, sleep and self-management, and fatigue and self-management. 42% of youth and caregivers reported worse nocturnal asthma symptoms (e.g. coughing) that caused frequent nighttime awakening. Approximately 27% of caregivers expressed distress over their child's nocturnal asthma and described their management strategies (e.g. co-sleeping, nighttime symptom monitoring). Adolescents described sleepiness as a barrier to asthma self-management tasks (e.g. medication adherence, response to exacerbation).
Interview responses demonstrated the considerable interrelationship of sleep and asthma management in adolescents with poorly-controlled asthma. Asthma providers should consider discussing sleep difficulties with their adolescent patients and their families. Addressing these difficulties may help adolescents improve their asthma self-management and help caregivers better cope with their child's disease.
夜间症状（如咳嗽）导致睡眠紊乱会使哮喘控制不佳的青少年面临睡眠紊乱风险增加。哮喘相关的睡眠紊乱会对哮喘青少年及其家庭产生下游影响。本研究旨在描述：（1）哮喘控制不佳的青少年及其照顾者的睡眠障碍；（2）睡眠与哮喘管理之间的关系。
哮喘控制不佳的青少年及其照顾者完成了家庭哮喘管理系统量表（FAMSS），这是一种半结构化访谈，评估家庭环境中的青少年哮喘管理。访谈进行了录音和转录。两位作者在 NVivo 中使用描述性内容分析对每个转录本的睡眠相关数据进行编码。
本研究共纳入 33 名 12-15 岁（ = 13.2， = 1.2）哮喘控制不佳的青少年及其照顾者。主要出现了四个主题：睡眠困难、睡眠环境、睡眠与自我管理、疲劳与自我管理。42%的青少年和照顾者报告夜间哮喘症状（如咳嗽）更严重，导致频繁夜间觉醒。大约 27%的照顾者对孩子的夜间哮喘感到苦恼，并描述了他们的管理策略（如同睡、夜间症状监测）。青少年将嗜睡描述为哮喘自我管理任务（如坚持用药、对加重的反应）的障碍。
访谈结果表明，哮喘控制不佳的青少年的睡眠与哮喘管理之间存在着相当大的相互关系。哮喘提供者应考虑与青少年患者及其家属讨论睡眠困难。解决这些问题可能有助于青少年改善哮喘自我管理，帮助照顾者更好地应对孩子的疾病。
