Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
Department of Pathology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
Oral Dis. 2024 Apr;30(3):949-956. doi: 10.1111/odi.14647. Epub 2023 Jun 20.
The incidence of malignant melanoma, with potential for tongue metastasis, is increasing. This study presents a case of tongue metastasis of cutaneous malignant melanoma, along with a comprehensive systematic review of the cases presented in English literature. The aim is to increase clinical and pathological knowledge of these challenging cases.
The literature search was carried out according to PRISMA guidelines by two independent researchers using four online databases: Medline, PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus.
Altogether 24 cases of tongue metastasis of malignant melanoma were observed (mean age 54.9 years, range 27-86 years). The average time from the primary tumour to tongue metastasis was 4.5 years. The metastatic tumour was generally indolent or mildly symptomatic. The most prevalent clinical presentation was a submucosal, non-ulcerated tumour mass, located in the tongue base or lateral surfaces. The prognosis at the time of tongue metastasis was generally poor, with a mean survival of 2.9 months.
Considering the mild symptoms, varying age of the subjects and interval from the initial diagnosis, a comprehensive anamnesis and regular oral examination should be emphasized, and metastatic malignant melanoma considered in cases of lingual tumour.
恶性黑色素瘤具有发生舌转移的潜在风险，其发病率正在上升。本研究报告了一例皮肤恶性黑色素瘤舌转移病例，并对英文文献中报道的病例进行了全面的系统回顾。目的是提高对这些具有挑战性病例的临床和病理认识。
两名独立研究人员按照 PRISMA 指南，使用 4 个在线数据库（Medline、PubMed、Web of Science 和 Scopus）进行了文献检索。
共观察到 24 例恶性黑色素瘤舌转移病例（平均年龄 54.9 岁，范围 27-86 岁）。从原发性肿瘤到舌转移的平均时间为 4.5 年。转移性肿瘤通常呈惰性或轻度症状。最常见的临床表现是位于舌底或侧表面的黏膜下、无溃疡的肿瘤肿块。在发生舌转移时的预后通常较差，平均生存时间为 2.9 个月。
鉴于症状轻微、患者年龄不同以及与初始诊断的间隔时间，应强调全面的病史询问和定期口腔检查，并在出现舌部肿瘤时考虑转移性恶性黑色素瘤。
