Patton L L, Brahim J S, Baker A R
Department of Dental Ecology, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill.
Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol. 1994 Jul;78(1):51-6. doi: 10.1016/0030-4220(94)90117-1.
Metastatic malignant melanoma of the oral cavity is rarely reported in the dental literature. This retrospective study identified metastatic oral lesions in 3.0% of 809 patients with melanoma treated at the National Institutes of Health between 1953 and 1989. Fifteen cases met established rigorous criteria for metastatic tumors and were reviewed for disease course and outcome. Nine white men and six white women, with an average age of 40.6 years, had cutaneous primary tumors predominantly of the trunk and head and neck region that commonly presented as moles that were enlarging, bleeding, or showing both of these signs. A mean of 4.2 years elapsed between primary tumor and oral metastasis diagnosis. Tongue, buccal mucosa, and parotid gland were the predominant oral sites. Enlarging oral masses, pigmented lesions, and nonhealing extraction sites with masses were common oral presentations. Surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and immunotherapy were used in various combinations for treatment of the primary lesion and oral metastasis. Prognosis, although poor, was highly variable.
口腔转移性恶性黑色素瘤在牙科文献中鲜有报道。这项回顾性研究在1953年至1989年间于美国国立卫生研究院接受治疗的809例黑色素瘤患者中，发现3.0%存在口腔转移性病变。15例符合转移性肿瘤的严格既定标准，并对疾病进程和结局进行了回顾。9名白人男性和6名白人女性，平均年龄40.6岁，皮肤原发性肿瘤主要位于躯干以及头颈部区域，通常表现为不断增大、出血或出现这两种症状的痣。从原发性肿瘤诊断到口腔转移诊断平均间隔4.2年。舌头、颊黏膜和腮腺是主要的口腔发病部位。口腔肿物增大、色素沉着性病变以及拔牙部位肿物不愈合是常见的口腔表现。手术、化疗、放疗和免疫疗法以各种组合方式用于治疗原发性病变和口腔转移。预后虽差，但差异很大。
