Department of Community Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India.
Department of Biochemistry, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India.
Int J Mycobacteriol. 2023 Apr-Jun;12(2):117-121. doi: 10.4103/ijmy.ijmy_24_23.
Tuberculosis (TB) is a leading cause of mortality worldwide. The higher prevalence of anemia among TB patients is concerning due to its association with delayed sputum conversion and poor treatment outcomes. The present study aimed to evaluate the association of anemia with sputum smear conversion and treatment outcomes among TB patients.
In a prospective community-based cohort study, TB patients were recruited from 63 primary health centers in the district. Blood samples were collected at baseline, at 2 months, and at the end of 6 months. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 15.
Out of 661 patients recruited, anemia was observed among 503 (76.1%) participants. Prevalence of anemia was more among males 387 (76.9%) than 116 (23.1%) females. Out of 503 anemic patients, 334 (66.4%) had mild, 166 (33.0%) had moderate, and 3 (0.6%) had severe anemia at baseline. At 6-month treatment completion, 16 (6.3%) were still anemic. Among 503 anemic patients, 445 (88.4%) were given iron supplements and remaining 58 (11.6%) were managed with diet modifications. After completion of TB treatment, 495 (98.4%) patients had favorable treatment outcomes, whereas 8 (1.6%) patients had died. Severe anemia was not associated with poor outcomes.
The presence of anemia among newly diagnosed TB patients, especially pulmonary TB was high. Increased risk of anemia was noted among males who were alcohol and tobacco consumers. There was no significant association between the presence of anemia and sputum conversion from baseline to 6 months of treatment completion.
结核病（TB）是全球主要的死亡原因。结核病患者中贫血的患病率较高令人担忧，因为它与痰培养转化延迟和治疗结果不佳有关。本研究旨在评估贫血与结核病患者痰涂片转化和治疗结果的关系。
在一项前瞻性社区为基础的队列研究中，从该地区的 63 个初级保健中心招募结核病患者。在基线、2 个月和 6 个月时采集血样。使用 SPSS 软件版本 15 进行数据分析。
在招募的 661 名患者中，503 名（76.1%）患者出现贫血。男性贫血患病率较高，387 名（76.9%）男性患者比 116 名（23.1%）女性患者更常见。在 503 名贫血患者中，334 名（66.4%）患者为轻度贫血，166 名（33.0%）患者为中度贫血，3 名（0.6%）患者为重度贫血。在 6 个月的治疗完成时，仍有 16 名（6.3%）患者贫血。在 503 名贫血患者中，445 名（88.4%）患者给予铁补充剂，其余 58 名（11.6%）患者通过饮食调整进行治疗。完成结核病治疗后，495 名（98.4%）患者的治疗结果良好，而 8 名（1.6%）患者死亡。重度贫血与不良结局无关。
新诊断的结核病患者，尤其是肺结核患者中贫血的发生率很高。在男性中，酗酒和吸烟会增加贫血的风险。从基线到 6 个月的治疗完成时，贫血的存在与痰培养的转化之间没有显著的相关性。
