School of Economics and Management, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2023 Jul;30(35):83231-83244. doi: 10.1007/s11356-023-27884-4. Epub 2023 Jun 20.
As a major part of global development governance, G20 countries account for 80% of global carbon emissions. In order to achieve the goal of "carbon neutrality" proposed by the United Nations, it is important to compare and analyze the drivers of carbon emissions in G20 countries and provide recommendations for their carbon emission reduction. Based on the data of 17 G20 countries in the EORA database, this paper compares the drivers of carbon emissions of each country from 1990-2021 using weighted average structural decomposition and K-mean model. This paper focuses on four drivers, including carbon emission intensity, final demand structure, export structure, and production structure. Carbon emission intensity and final demand structure are the main factors of carbon emission reduction, and the other two factors have little influence. Among the G20 countries, the UK is in the first category because it does the best job on the four factors of carbon emissions, yet Italy is in the last category because it does not take full advantage of the four factors. Therefore, improving supply energy efficiency and adjusting demand, export, and industrial structure have become important tools for countries to transform and achieve carbon neutrality.
作为全球发展治理的重要组成部分，G20 国家的碳排放量占全球的 80%。为实现联合国提出的“碳中和”目标，比较和分析 G20 国家的碳排放驱动因素，并提出碳减排建议至关重要。本文基于 EORA 数据库中 17 个 G20 国家的数据，采用加权平均结构分解和 K-均值模型，比较了 1990-2021 年各国的碳排放驱动因素。本文重点关注四个驱动因素，包括碳排放强度、最终需求结构、出口结构和生产结构。碳排放强度和最终需求结构是减排的主要因素，其他两个因素影响较小。在 G20 国家中，英国在四个碳排放因素方面表现最好，处于第一类；而意大利处于最后一类，因为其未能充分利用这四个因素。因此，提高供应能源效率和调整需求、出口和产业结构已成为各国实现碳中和转型的重要工具。
