Laboratory of Electroanalytical Applied to Biotechnology and Food Engineering (LEABE), Chemistry Institute, Uberlândia Federal University, Patos de Minas Campus, Major Jerônimo street, 566, Patos de Minas, MG, 38700-002, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Food Engineering, Chemistry Engineering, Uberlândia Federal University; Patos de Minas Campus, Major Jerônimo street, 566, Patos de Minas, MG, 38700-002, Brazil.
Postgraduate Program in Food Engineering, Chemistry Engineering, Uberlândia Federal University; Patos de Minas Campus, Major Jerônimo street, 566, Patos de Minas, MG, 38700-002, Brazil.
Talanta. 2023 Dec 1;265:124782. doi: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.124782. Epub 2023 Jun 16.
The assessment of the risks of mycotoxins to humans through consuming contaminated foods resulted in specific legislation that evaluates the presence, quantities, and type of mycotoxins in agricultural commodities and foodstuffs. Thus, to ensure compliance with legislation, food safety and consumer health, the development of suitable analytical procedures for identifying and quantifying mycotoxins in the free or modified form, in low-concentration and in complex samples is necessary. This review reports the application of the modern chemical methods of analysis employed in mycotoxin detection in agricultural commodities and foodstuffs. It is reported extraction methods with reasonable accuracy and those present characteristics according to guidelines of Green Analytical Chemistry. Recent trends in mycotoxins detection using analytical techniques are presented and discussed, evaluating the robustness, precision, accuracy, sensitivity, and selectivity in the detection of different classes of mycotoxins. Sensitivity coming from modern chromatographic techniques allows the detection of very low concentrations of mycotoxins in complex samples. However, it is essential the development of more green, fast and more suitable accuracy extraction methods for mycotoxins, which agricultural commodities producers could use. Despite the high number of research reporting the use of chemically modified voltammetric sensors, mycotoxins detection still has limitations due to the low selectivity from similar chemical structures of mycotoxins. Furthermore, spectroscopic techniques are rarely employed due to the limited number of reference standards for calibration procedures.
通过食用受污染的食物对人类摄入真菌毒素的风险进行评估，从而制定了专门的法规，以评估农产品和食品中真菌毒素的存在、数量和类型。因此，为了确保符合法规、食品安全和消费者健康，有必要开发合适的分析程序来识别和定量检测游离或修饰形式、低浓度和复杂样品中的真菌毒素。本综述报告了现代化学分析方法在农产品和食品中真菌毒素检测中的应用。据报道，提取方法具有合理的准确性，并根据绿色分析化学指南呈现出某些特征。本文介绍并讨论了利用分析技术检测真菌毒素的最新趋势，评估了不同类别真菌毒素检测的稳健性、精密度、准确度、灵敏度和选择性。现代色谱技术的灵敏度允许在复杂样品中检测到非常低浓度的真菌毒素。然而，开发更绿色、更快速、更适合真菌毒素提取的方法至关重要，农产品生产商可以使用这些方法。尽管有大量研究报告了化学修饰伏安传感器的使用，但由于真菌毒素化学结构相似，其检测的选择性仍然较低，因此真菌毒素检测仍然存在局限性。此外，由于校准程序的参考标准数量有限，很少采用光谱技术。
