Department of Rehabilitation and Prevention Engineering, Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Germany.
Department of Rehabilitation and Prevention Engineering, Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Germany.
J Biomech. 2023 Jul;156:111687. doi: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2023.111687. Epub 2023 Jun 15.
Muscular coordination enables locomotion and interaction with the environment. For more than 50 years electromyography (EMG) has provided insights into the central nervous system control of individual muscles or muscle groups, enabling both fine and gross motor functions. This information is available either at individual motor units (Mus) level or on a more global level from the coordination of different muscles or muscle groups. In particular, non-invasive EMG methods such as surface EMG (sEMG) or, more recently, spatial mapping methods (High-Density EMG - HDsEMG) have found their place in research into biomechanics, sport and exercise, ergonomics, rehabilitation, diagnostics, and increasingly for the control of technical devices. With further technical advances and a growing understanding of the relationship between EMG and movement task execution, it is expected that with time, especially non-invasive EMG methods will become increasingly important in movement sciences. However, while the total number of publications per year on non-invasive EMG methods is growing exponentially, the number of publications on this topic in journals with a scope in movement sciences has stagnated in the last decade. This review paper contextualizes non-invasive EMG development over the last 50 years, highlighting methodological progress. Changes in research topics related to non-invasive EMG were identified. Today non-invasive EMG procedures are increasingly used to control technical devices, where muscle mechanics have a minor influence. In movement science, however, the effect of muscle mechanics on the EMG signal cannot be neglected. This explains why non-invasive EMG's relevance in movement sciences has not developed as expected.
肌肉协调性使运动和与环境相互作用成为可能。50 多年来，肌电图（EMG）为深入了解中枢神经系统对单个肌肉或肌肉群的控制提供了线索，使精细和粗略运动功能成为可能。这些信息可以在单个运动单位（Mus）水平上获得，也可以在更全局的水平上从不同肌肉或肌肉群的协调中获得。特别是，非侵入性 EMG 方法，如表面肌电图（sEMG）或最近的空间映射方法（高密度肌电图 - HDsEMG），已经在生物力学、运动和锻炼、人体工程学、康复、诊断等领域找到了自己的位置，并越来越多地用于控制技术设备。随着技术的进一步进步和对 EMG 与运动任务执行之间关系的理解不断加深，可以预计，随着时间的推移，非侵入性 EMG 方法将在运动科学中变得越来越重要。然而，尽管每年关于非侵入性 EMG 方法的出版物总数呈指数级增长，但在运动科学范围内的期刊上关于这一主题的出版物在过去十年中已经停滞不前。本文回顾了过去 50 年来非侵入性 EMG 的发展情况，强调了方法学的进步。确定了与非侵入性 EMG 相关的研究主题的变化。如今，非侵入性 EMG 程序越来越多地用于控制技术设备，而肌肉力学的影响较小。然而，在运动科学中，肌肉力学对 EMG 信号的影响不容忽视。这就是为什么非侵入性 EMG 在运动科学中的相关性没有像预期的那样发展的原因。
