Midwifery and Reproductive Department, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet. 2023 May;45(5):281-288. doi: 10.1055/s-0043-1770130. Epub 2023 Jun 20.
Female genital mutilation/cutting (FGM/C) can affect women's lives through various physical, psychological, social and even sexual mechanisms. According to the World Health Organization guidelines for managing the health effects of FGM/C, further research into its psychological effects and preventative measures is required. In this study, a comprehensive review of the mental health consequences of circumcised women of reproductive age has been conducted with a special focus on providing preventive solutions.
A comprehensive search of the Web of Science, PubMed(MEDLINE), Proquest, Scopus and Google scholar was carried outfrom 2000 to 2022. The second stage of search was conducted in grey literature. To facilitate a systematic approach to search the literature, the PECO framework, was adopted.
The result of this narrative review study showed that, the most common mental health disorder in reproductive age circumcised women were depression, anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder. Some studies found a significant relationship between parents' education level and circumcised girls, so that parents of the circumcised women had a low level of education. Two studies considered religious beliefs, tradition, cleanness, sexual desire control and virginity as the reasons for FGM/C.
All forms of FGM/C may be harmful to one's health. Women, who have undergone widespread forms of circumcision, are more likely to develop mental disorders. As the psychosocial effects of circumcision can affect the sexual experience of circumcised women, addressing this issue, emphasizing its legal aspects, and providing preventative solutions can improve physical, mental, social, and even sexual health in circumcised women.
女性外阴残割/切割（FGM/C）可通过各种生理、心理、社会甚至性机制影响女性的生活。根据世界卫生组织管理 FGM/C 健康影响的指南，需要进一步研究其心理影响和预防措施。本研究对育龄已割女性的心理健康后果进行了全面综述，特别关注提供预防解决方案。
对 Web of Science、PubMed（MEDLINE）、Proquest、Scopus 和 Google scholar 从 2000 年到 2022 年进行了全面检索。第二阶段在灰色文献中进行了搜索。为了便于系统地搜索文献，采用了 PECO 框架。
本叙述性综述研究的结果表明，生育年龄已割女性最常见的心理健康障碍是抑郁、焦虑和创伤后应激障碍。一些研究发现父母教育水平与割礼女孩之间存在显著关系，因此割礼女性的父母受教育程度较低。有两项研究认为宗教信仰、传统、清洁、性欲控制和贞操是 FGM/C 的原因。
所有形式的 FGM/C 都可能对健康造成危害。接受过广泛形式割礼的女性更容易出现精神障碍。由于割礼的心理社会影响会影响割礼女性的性体验，解决这个问题，强调其法律方面，并提供预防解决方案，可以改善割礼女性的身体、心理、社会甚至性健康。
