School of Applied Social Sciences, De Montfort University, Leicester, LE1 9BH, UK.
School of Social Sciences, Birmingham City University, Birmingham, B4 7BD, UK.
Eat Weight Disord. 2023 Jun 21;28(1):53. doi: 10.1007/s40519-023-01577-w.
Dietary restraint has been linked to deficits in the ability to recall detailed memories of personally experienced events (referred to as autobiographical memory specificity). As priming with healthy foods increases the salience of restraint it would be expected to lead to greater deficits in memory specificity.
To determine if priming word cues with images of healthy or unhealthy foods would influence the specificity of memory retrieval, and if deficits in memory specificity would be more evident in those reporting higher levels of dietary restraint, or currently dieting.
Sixty female undergraduates self-reported if they were currently dieting and completed measures of mood, restraint, and disinhibition, and a modified version of the autobiographical memory task. Participants were presented with positive and negative words (unrelated to eating concerns) and asked to retrieve a specific memory in response to each cue. A food image was shown prior to each word cue; half of the participants were primed with images of healthy foods and half with images of unhealthy foods.
As expected, participants primed with healthy foods retrieved fewer specific memories than did those primed with unhealthy foods. However, neither restraint nor current dieting behaviour was associated with memory specificity.
Differences in memory specificity between the priming conditions cannot be explained in terms of increased salience of restraint. However, it is plausible that unhealthy images led to an increase in positive affect, which in turn improved memory specificity.
Level I: Evidence obtained from: at least one properly designed experimental study.
饮食克制与个人经历事件的详细记忆召回能力缺陷有关（称为自传体记忆特异性）。由于健康食品的启动会增加克制的突出性，因此预计会导致记忆特异性更大的缺陷。
确定用健康或不健康食物的图像来启动单词线索是否会影响记忆检索的特异性，以及记忆特异性的缺陷是否在报告更高水平的饮食克制或正在节食的人群中更为明显。
60 名女大学生报告她们是否正在节食，并完成了情绪、克制和抑制的测量，以及自传体记忆任务的修改版。参与者被呈现积极和消极的单词（与饮食问题无关），并被要求对每个线索检索一个特定的记忆。在每个单词线索之前显示一个食物图像；一半的参与者被健康食品的图像启动，另一半被不健康食品的图像启动。
正如预期的那样，用健康食品启动的参与者比用不健康食品启动的参与者检索到的具体记忆更少。然而，无论是克制还是当前的节食行为都与记忆特异性无关。
启动条件之间记忆特异性的差异不能用克制的突出性来解释。然而，不合理的图像可能会导致积极情绪的增加，从而反过来提高记忆特异性。
一级：从至少一项精心设计的实验研究中获得的证据。
