Williams Megan Nicole, Lee Apicella Coren
University of Pennsylvania, Solomon Laboratories, 3720 Walnut Street, Philadelphia, PA, 09104, USA.
Division of Psychology, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Heliyon. 2023 Jun 8;9(6):e16895. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16895. eCollection 2023 Jun.
Human mate value is assessed on numerous variables including, reproductive potential and disease resistance. Many of these variables have been correlated with judgments of physical, vocal, and odor attractiveness. While some researchers posit that attractiveness judgments made across different sensory modalities reflect the same underlying variable(s) (i.e., the information is redundant), others suggest that judgments made in different modalities reflect different variables. Previous studies of human attractiveness indicate that attractiveness judgments of others' faces, bodies, and voices are intercorrelated, which is suggested to support the redundancy hypothesis. Less is known about body odor attractiveness. Only one study has simultaneously investigated the relationships between judgments of body odor, face, and voice attractiveness finding weak positive associations, but small effect sizes. In this study, we empirically investigate the correlation between different modalities of attractiveness in men and women in the largest sample to date (N = 881 ratings). For men, we find no correlations between modalities of attractiveness. However, for women we find odor, face, and voice attractiveness are weakly correlated. Moreover, a general attractiveness factor (i.e., a common underlying variable) modestly contributed to the observed correlations between modality-specific attractiveness judgments, providing some evidence for the redundancy hypothesis.
人类的配偶价值是根据众多变量来评估的，包括生殖潜力和抗病能力。这些变量中的许多都与对身体、声音和气味吸引力的判断相关。虽然一些研究人员认为，跨不同感官模态做出的吸引力判断反映了相同的潜在变量（即信息是冗余的），但另一些人则认为，不同模态下做出的判断反映了不同的变量。先前关于人类吸引力的研究表明，对他人面部、身体和声音的吸引力判断是相互关联的，这被认为支持了冗余假说。关于体臭吸引力的了解较少。只有一项研究同时调查了体臭、面部和声音吸引力判断之间的关系，发现存在微弱的正相关，但效应量较小。在本研究中，我们以迄今为止最大的样本（N = 881个评分）实证研究了男性和女性不同模态吸引力之间的相关性。对于男性，我们发现吸引力的不同模态之间没有相关性。然而，对于女性，我们发现气味、面部和声音吸引力之间存在微弱的相关性。此外，一个总体吸引力因素（即一个共同的潜在变量）对特定模态吸引力判断之间观察到的相关性有适度贡献，为冗余假说提供了一些证据。
