College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; Ningxia Engineering and Technology Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China.
College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; Ningxia Engineering and Technology Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; Key Laboratory of Ningxia Minority Medicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China.
J Chromatogr A. 2023 Aug 30;1705:464149. doi: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.464149. Epub 2023 Jun 16.
A new effervescence-assisted switchable deep eutectic solvent-based liquid phase microextraction (EA-SDES-LPME) combined with HPLC-UV was developed for determination of common triazole fungicides in drinking water and beverages, including myclobutanil, flusilazole, hexaconazole and bitertanol. The alternative extraction solvent was prepared with hexafluoroisopropanol and dipropylamine with the merits of time-saving, easy to collect and cost-effectiveness. The SDES can be reversibly switched between hydrophilic and hydrophobic states by pH adjustment. The homogeneous extraction was achieved under the hydrophilic form of SDES, and the bi-phase separation was obtained easily by adjusting pH value to restore the original hydrophobicity. Moreover, the characterization of SDES was investigated by FTIR and H NMR. The main variables affecting extraction efficiency were optimized in detail. Under the optimal conditions, the proposed method shows desirable precision (RSDs less than 18.5%) and acceptable recovery (72.6-95.4%). The lower limits of detection and limits of quantitation were found to be in the range of 1-2 μg L and 5-10 μg L, respectively. The formation mechanism of SDES and the extraction mechanism for target analytes were investigated by density functional theory. The proposed methodology was simplicity, sensitive, time-saving and successfully applied to determine triazole fungicides in drinking water and beverages, making it an alternative technique for the analysis of trace analytes with satisfactory sensitivity.
一种新的超声辅助可切换深共晶溶剂液相微萃取（EA-SDES-LPME）结合 HPLC-UV 被开发用于测定饮用水和饮料中的常见三唑类杀菌剂，包括戊菌唑、氟硅唑、己唑醇和联苯三唑醇。替代萃取溶剂由六氟异丙醇和二丙胺制备，具有省时、易于收集和具有成本效益的优点。SDES 可以通过 pH 值调节在亲水性和疏水性之间可逆切换。在 SDES 的亲水性形式下实现均相萃取，通过调节 pH 值很容易获得双相分离，从而恢复原始疏水性。此外，还通过 FTIR 和 1 H NMR 对 SDES 的特性进行了研究。详细优化了影响萃取效率的主要变量。在最佳条件下，该方法表现出良好的精密度（RSDs 小于 18.5%）和可接受的回收率（72.6-95.4%）。检测限和定量限分别为 1-2μg/L 和 5-10μg/L。通过密度泛函理论研究了 SDES 的形成机制和目标分析物的萃取机制。该方法简单、灵敏、省时，成功应用于测定饮用水和饮料中的三唑类杀菌剂，为具有满意灵敏度的痕量分析物的分析提供了一种替代技术。
